Head-worn image display apparatus for stereoscopic microsurgery

1. A method of performing a medical procedure in a patient by a clinician, comprising:

(a) directing a stereoscopic video camera module to a site of the medical procedure to capture left and right-side images;

(b) wearing a head-worn image display apparatus that comprises:

(i) a support frame;

(ii) a non-immersive image display assembly that is in communication with and receives video images from the stereoscopic video camera module, the display assembly comprising:

a first display component that generates the left-side images for display;

a second display component that generates the right-side images for display;

a left-side optical image surface or interface to provide the left-side image for viewing by the user's left eye, wherein the image surface or interface is at least partially transparent;

a right-side optical image surface or interface to provide the right-side image for viewing by the user's right eye, wherein the image surface or interface is at least partially transparent;

one or more light occlusion elements that can change the amount of light transmitted through each image surface or interface;

(c) performing the medical procedure while viewing the video images provided by the head-worn display apparatus;

(d) using a controller to cause the head-worn image display apparatus to select between two or more stages that comprise:

(i) displaying the left-side and right-side images with the light occlusion element(s) in opaque mode; and

(ii) deactivating display of the left-side and right-side images with the light occlusion element(s) in transparent mode;

wherein the head-worn display apparatus is physically separate from the stereoscopic video camera module; and

wherein the head-worn display apparatus lacks the ability to track a clinician's head position or movement so that the displayed images do not change based on tracking.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the center of each image is located in a medial lower quadrant of each of the user eye's visual field.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the clinician who wears the head-worn image display apparatus is the same clinician who performs the medical procedure.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the left-side image and the right-side image occupies less than 40° horizontally in the user's visual field.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the controller is a foot-operated controller.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising directly viewing an external environment around a periphery of the left-side image or the right-side image.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the center of each image is located in a lower or medial half of each of the user eye's visual field.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the controller is a foot-operated controller.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stereoscopic camera module has optical magnification capability, and the images provided are magnified views of the medical procedure site.

10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising adjusting the amount of magnification in the view of the medical procedure site.

11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the image display assembly simultaneously provides both a magnified view of the medical procedure site as well as a direct view of the medical procedure site.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first display component is located on the left side and comprises a display panel, and the left-side image surface or interface is the display panel of the first display component; and

the second display component is located on the right side and comprises a display panel, and the right-side image surface or interface is the display panel of the second display component.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the distance between the center of the left display panel and the center of the right display panel is 10 cm or less.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the display assembly comprises an optical relay system in which the left-side image surface or interface is a left-side projection surface with the image from the first display component being relayed to the projection surface for viewing by the user's left eye; and

in which the right-side image surface or interface is a right-side projection surface with the image from the second display component being relayed to the projection surface for viewing by the user's right eye.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the distance between the center of the left-side projection surface and the center of the right-side projection surface is 10 cm or less.

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stereoscopic video camera module comprises two lens assemblies set at an angle that is convergent at a working distance in the range of 10-100 cm.

17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the stereoscopic video camera module is set at a distance of 15-70 cm from the medical procedure site.

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the light occlusion element(s) are limited to the area of the image surface of interface.

19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the stereoscopic camera module has optical magnification capability, and the images provided are magnified views of the medical procedure site;

wherein the image display assembly simultaneously provides both a magnified view of the medical procedure site as well as a direct view of the medical procedure site.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein each of the left-side image and the right-side image occupies less than 40° horizontally in the user's visual field.