Refractive multifocal intraocular lens with optimised optical quality in a range of focus and method to produce it
The present invention describes a refractive multifocal intraocular lens with aspheric geometry on both surfaces in such a way that the map of local optical strength of the lens, combined with the cornea, has a central region of intermediate optical strength surrounded by a ring of maximum optical strength, with a smooth transition between the two, after which it alternates smoothly between rings of varying strengths.
1. Refractive multifocal intraocular lens, used to replace a lens of an eye, comprising:
a front optical surface and a back optical surface in an optic region of said lens, both surfaces being aspheric and cut from a predetermined transparent material, said front optical surface and back optical surface further being separated by a predetermined central thickness,
wherein an elevation map of each of said front optical surface and back optical surface has rotational symmetry with respect to an optical axis of said lens and a progressive and continuous evolution along an entire topography,
wherein an elevation along a radial coordinate on both said front optical surface and back optical surface, taking a tangential plane to a corneal apex as a reference, has a local minimum of zero, which corresponds to a centre of said lens, and from said centre the elevation in the radial coordinate on both said front and back optical surfaces includes at least one turning point where curvature changes from concave to convex or from convex to concave before reaching at least one peripheral local maximum, situated inside said optic region and at a predetermined distance from an edge of said optic region, giving rise to a topography that presents a local elevation minimum in the centre and at least one ring inside said optic region that presents a local elevation maximum, and
wherein a map of local optical strength inside said optic region, resulting from a combined optical refraction of said two aspheric optical surfaces and a model cornea, which is external and to the front of said lens, has rotational symmetry around the optical axis, and a central region of intermediate optical strength, surrounded by a ring of maximum optical strength with a progressive transition between them, after which rings of varying strength alternate progressively and in particular at least one ring, the optical strength of which represents a local minimum, with at least one ring, the optical strength of which represents a local maximum.
2. Refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 1 , wherein said optic region has a diameter between 4 and 7 mm.
3. Refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 1 , where a stable and optimised focus in a range of diameter of the pupil between 5 and 2.5 mm is provided.
4. Refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 1 , comprising a strength for distance vision between +5 and +40 D.
5. Refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 1 , comprising a central thickness between 0.5 and 2 mm.
6. Refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 1 , comprising a continuous transition region from the optical region to an haptic.
7. Method to manufacture a refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 1 , comprising at least the following steps: a) model an aphakic eye using a mathematical definition, described at least by a geometry of a surface or surfaces that define a cornea, an axial position of a retina and an axial position of a plane where the intraocular lens will be situated after implantation,
b) model a pseudophakic eye using a mathematical definition, described by an aphakic eye model in which a model of a defined lens is implanted where a combination of variable descriptive parameters within a combination of boundary conditions determine a geometry and characteristics of said model lens,
c) define a merit function multiconfiguration which describes an optical quality of said pseudophakic eye model, said function integrating multiple configurations, each one corresponding to a distance to an object plane, associating a weight to each of said configurations to produce, as a result, a single value that represents a quality of the image of an evaluated system at different distances to an object plane,
d) optimise said combination of variable descriptive parameters which define said model lens to determine a combination of descriptive parameters which produces an optimal result of said merit function multiconfiguration, and
e) manufacture the refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 1 .
8. Method to manufacture a refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 7 , wherein said mathematical definition of an aphakic eye model of a) uses descriptive parameters which are representative of a particular population.
9. Method to manufacture a refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 7 , wherein said mathematical definition of an aphakic eye model of a) uses specific biometric parameters of a determined patient.
10. Method to manufacture a refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 7 , wherein a front and a back surfaces of the model lens of step b) are aspheric, have an elevation map with rotational symmetry with respect to an optical axis of said model lens and a progressive evolution along an entire topography.
11. Method to manufacture a refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 7 , wherein said distances to the object plane in step c) are distances between infinity and 0.4 m.
12. Method to manufacture a refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 7 , wherein said result of the merit function multiconfiguration of step c) is produced after tracing rays across a pseudophakic eye which includes the model lens, for each one of the configurations corresponding to each distance to the object.
13. Method to manufacture a refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 7 , wherein stage d) is carried out by an iterative process.
14. Method to manufacture a refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 7 , comprising the manufacture of a lens of a determined strength for distance vision and in that in step a) of the mathematical definition of the aphakic eye model, the axial length of the eye is that which provides a focused retinal image with a spherical monofocal lens of equal refractive strength.
15. Method to manufacture a refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 14 , wherein a nominal strength for distance vision of the refractive multifocal lens is attributed to that, a design of which is optimised in a range of focus for an eye with an axial length such that a monofocal lens with spherical surfaces, of the same material and the same thickness, with this same nominal strength, will generate a better image of an object situated 5 meters away from the retina.
16. Refractive multifocal intraocular lens produced by a method according to claim 7 .
17. Refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 1 ,
wherein said central region of intermediate optical strength presents a central local minimum optical strength, and is surrounded by a ring of global maximum optical strength with a smooth transition between them;
wherein the optical strength of any of said rings of varying strength is a local maximum optical strength or a local minimum optical strength, strictly smaller than said central local minimum optical strength;
wherein said rings of varying strength alternate smoothly.
18. Refractive multifocal intraocular lens according to claim 17 , wherein said map of local optical strength is a smooth map.