Thermoelectric string, panel, and covers for function and durability
A thermoelectric device comprising an elongated panel of two foam layers, and having an inserted thermoelectric string is incorporated into a seat cushion, planting pot, and battery thermal manager. Several enhancements to the string and the panel improve its durability, visual appeal, and tactile appeal over the prior art.
1. A thermoelectric cooling device comprising a plurality of thermoelectric elements and a plurality of thermoelectric strings inserted into a multi-layer foam stack, wherein a first layer of said multi-layer foam stack is optimized for softness and a second layer of said multi-layer foam stack comprises pillars and is optimized for softness and airflow combined, wherein said plurality of thermoelectric strings comprises strings in a folded-over configuration away from said plurality of thermoelectric elements and adjacent to a first surface of said first layer, wherein a plane of said plurality of thermoelectric elements is separate from a plane of said plurality of thermoelectric strings, wherein said plane of said thermoelectric elements intersects said plane of said plurality of thermoelectric strings adjacent to said first surface of said first layer at an angle of less than 90 degrees, and wherein said pillars are (i) in a staggered configuration to maximize uniformity of airflow and (ii) attached to a second surface of said first layer in a configuration that permits independent vertical movement, thereby distributing pressure evenly.
2. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a fan and an electrical power source.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein said airflow exits said multi-layer foam stack in multiple directions to compensate for a blockage in one direction.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein:
(a) a cross-section of said pillars is circular, square, hexagonal, or octagonal; or
(b) the pillars are formed by molding, by routing, or by linear wire cutting, wherein the wire cutting preferably employs a hot wire, an abrasive wire, or a vibrating wire.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of thermoelectric strings further comprise a strain relief to prevent breaking of the plurality of thermoelectric strings during repeated and long term use.
6. The device of claim 5 , wherein:
(a) the strain relief is a foam plug that encapsulates the plurality of thermoelectric elements and comprises channels for said plurality of thermoelectric strings to exit the plug;
(b) the strain relief is a foam plug having a Y cut shape or a drilled hole;
(c) the strain relief comprises tubing and flaps or nipples of latex, rubber, silicone, Teflon, polyurethane, or plastic;
(d) the strain relief comprises tape attached along the plurality of thermoelectric strings and extending beyond the plurality of thermoelectric elements wherein the tape is comprised of foam, rubber, plastic, Teflon, gel, or a solidifying liquid;
(e) the strain relief comprises tape that includes fibers for increasing a tensile strength of the tape and wherein the fibers are glass, nylon or cloth; or
(f) the strain relief is cloth woven together with said plurality of thermoelectric strings.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of thermoelectric strings are made from links of woven wires.
8. The device of claim 7 , wherein said folded-over configuration includes a double fold of said links of the plurality of thermoelectric strings.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of thermoelectric elements are placed directly above the pillars or above and between the pillars.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of thermoelectric strings are placed in the multi-layer foam stack such that stress cycles during use avoid a plastic deformation regime generated by bending of said plurality of thermoelectric strings.
11. The device of claim 1 , further comprising material between a portion of said plurality of thermoelectric strings positioned along a surface of said multi-layer foam stack to make the surface of said multi-layer foam stack smoother and wherein the material is matched in firmness or profile height or both to said plurality of thermoelectric strings.
12. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a textured material covering said first layer of said multi-layer foam stack, said textured material comprising textile, rubber, vinyl, leather, or other seat covering material.
13. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a heat spreader to move excess heat from said second layer of said multi-layer foam stack to another location.
14. The device of claim 13 , wherein the heat spreader comprises fluid flow or phase change materials.
15. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a battery that facilitates heating or cooling using said plurality of thermoelectric elements, an occupancy switch that turns off said device when not in use, or an enclosure having said multi-layer foam stack.
16. The device of claim 6 , wherein said strain relief is combined with other material to insulate said plurality of thermoelectric strings that connect said plurality of thermoelectric elements.
17. The device of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of thermoelectric stings are placed underneath a flap of foam in said first layer of said multi-layer foam stack.
18. The device of claim 12 , wherein dimensions and separation of the texture features match dimensions and separation of said plurality of thermoelectric strings.