Method, synthesis, activation procedure and characterization of an oxygen rich activated porous carbon sorbent for selective removal of carbon dioxide with ultra high capacity
The present disclosure pertains to materials for CO 2 adsorption at pressures above 1 bar, where the materials include a porous material with a surface area of at least 2,800 m 2 /g, and a total pore volume of at least 1.35 cm 3 /g, where a majority of pores of the porous material have diameters of less than 2 nm as measured from N 2 sorption isotherms using the BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method. The present disclosure also pertains to materials for separation of CO 2 from natural gas at partial pressures of either component above 1 bar, where the materials include a porous material with a surface area of at least 2,200 m 2 /g, and a total pore volume of at least 1.00 cm 3 /g, where a majority of pores of the porous material have diameters of greater than 1 nm and less than 2 nm as measured from N 2 sorption isotherms using the BET method.
1. A material for CO 2 adsorption at pressures above 1 bar comprising:
a porous material with a surface area of at least 2,800 m 2 /g, and a total pore volume of at least 1.35 cm 3 /g,
wherein more than 70% of pores of the porous material have diameters of less than 2 nm as measured from N 2 sorption isotherms using the BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method,
wherein the porous material has an oxygen content of more than about 7 wt % as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and
wherein the porous material has a CO 2 adsorption capacity of more than about 100 wt %.
2. The material of claim 1 , wherein the porous material comprises a porous carbon material with a carbon content of between 80% and 95% as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
3. The material of claim 2 , wherein the porous carbon material is prepared by heating an organic polymer precursor or biological material in the presence of KOH, wherein the temperature of activation is between 700° C. and 800° C.
4. The material of claim 3 , wherein the organic polymer precursor or biological material comprises oxygen in a functional group.
5. The material of claim 4 , wherein the functional group comprises a furyl.
6. The material of claim 5 , wherein the organic polymer precursor polymerizes to form polyfurfuryl alcohol.
7. The material of claim 6 , wherein the polyfurfuryl alcohol is prepared by the polymerization of furfuryl alcohol with a catalyst.
8. The material of claim 7 , wherein the catalyst comprises iron(III) chloride.
9. The material of claim 3 , wherein the biological material is chosen from at least one of the following: sawdust and coconut husk.
10. The material of claim 4 , wherein the functional group comprises an anisyl.
11. The material of claim 10 , wherein the organic polymer precursor polymerizes to form polyanisyl alcohol.
12. The material of claim 11 , wherein the polyanisyl alcohol is prepared by the polymerization of anisyl alcohol with a catalyst.
13. The material of claim 12 , wherein the catalyst comprises a protic acid.
14. The material of claim 1 , wherein more than 80% of pores of the porous material have diameters of less than 2 nm.
15. The material of claim 1 , wherein the porous material has an oxygen content of more than about 10 wt % as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
16. The material of claim 1 , wherein the molar CO 2 :CH 4 uptake ratio of the porous material is more than about 2.
17. A material for the separation of CO 2 from natural gas at partial pressures of either component above 1 bar comprising:
a porous material with a surface area of at least 2,200 m 2 /g, and a total pore volume of at least 1.00 cm 3 /g,
wherein more than 50% of pores of the porous material have diameters of greater than 1 nm and less than 2 nm as measured from N 2 sorption isotherms using the BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method, and
wherein the porous material has a CO 2 adsorption capacity of more than about 100 wt %.
18. The material of claim 17 , wherein the porous material comprises a porous carbon material with a carbon content of between 80% and 95% as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
19. The material of claim 18 , wherein the porous carbon material is prepared by heating an organic polymer precursor or biological material in the presence of KOH, wherein the temperature of activation is between 700° C. and 800° C.
20. The material of claim 19 , wherein the organic polymer precursor comprises oxygen in a functional group.
21. The material of claim 20 , wherein the functional group comprises a furyl.
22. The material of claim 21 , wherein the organic polymer precursor polymerizes to form polyfurfuryl alcohol.
23. The material of claim 22 , wherein the polyfurfuryl alcohol is prepared by the polymerization of furfuryl alcohol with a catalyst.
24. The material of claim 23 , wherein the catalyst comprises iron(III) chloride.
25. The material of claim 19 , wherein the biological material is chosen from at least one of the following: sawdust and coconut husk.
26. The material of claim 20 , wherein the functional group comprises an anisyl.
27. The material of claim 26 , wherein the organic polymer precursor polymerizes to form polyanisyl alcohol.
28. The material of claim 27 , wherein the polyanisyl alcohol is prepared by the polymerization of anisyl alcohol with a catalyst.
29. The material of claim 28 , wherein the catalyst comprises a protic acid.
30. The material of claim 17 , wherein more than 60% of pores of the porous material have diameters of greater than 1 nm and less than 2 nm.
31. The material of claim 17 , wherein the porous material has an oxygen content of more than about 7 wt % as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
32. The material of claim 17 , wherein the molar CO 2 :CH 4 uptake ratio of the porous material is more than about 2.
33. The material of claim 17 , wherein the porous material has an oxygen content of more than about 10 wt % as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
34. A material for the separation of CO 2 from natural gas at partial pressures of either component above 1 bar comprising:
a porous material with a surface area of at least 2,200 m 2 /g, and a total pore volume of at least 1.00 cm 3 /g,
wherein more than 40% of pores of the porous material have diameters of greater than 1 nm and less than 2 nm as measured from N 2 sorption isotherms using the BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method, and
wherein the porous material has a CO 2 adsorption capacity of more than about 100 wt %.