Valve seat of sintered iron-based alloy
The present invention provides a valve seat of a Co-free, sintered iron-based alloy having excellent heat resistance, oxidation resistance and wear resistance, as well as excellent machinability, which is usable for internal combustion engines using a gas fuel. The valve seat is produced by using a prealloy containing 12% or more by mass of Cr in a matrix for, and hard particles having high strength and hardness at high temperatures are used, such that the entire valve seat has a composition comprising by mass 5.0-20.0% of Cr, 0.4-2.0% of Si, 2.0-6.0% of Ni, 5.0-25.0% of Mo, 0.1-5.0% of W, 0.5-5.0% of V, 1.0% or less of Nb, and 0.5-1.5% of C, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
1. A valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy having hard particles dispersed in a matrix, said valve seat having a composition comprising as a whole by mass
5.0-20.0% of Cr,
0.4-2.0% of Si,
2.0-6.0% of Ni,
10.0-25.0% of Mo,
0.1-5.0% of W,
0.5-5.0% of V,
1.0% or less of Nb, and
0.5-1.5% of C,
the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy according to claim 1 , wherein said hard particles are Fe—Mo—Si alloy particles comprising by mass 40.0-70.0% of Mo, 0.4-2.0% of Si, and 0.1% or less of C, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy according to claim 1 , whose sliding surface has a passive film of hydrated Cr oxide.
4. The valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy according to claim 1 , wherein said matrix comprises a martensite or sorbite phase.
5. The valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy according to claim 1 , wherein said matrix contains secondary carbides of one or more of Cr, Mo, W, V, Nb and Fe.
6. The valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy according to claim 1 , in which 0.5-3% by mass of MnS particles are dispersed.
7. A method for producing the valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy according to claim 1 , comprising
providing a first prealloy powder comprising by mass
12.0-25.0% of Cr,
0.5-4.0% of Mo,
0.5-5.0% of W,
0.5-5% of V,
0.4-2.0% of Si, and
2.0% or less of C,
the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities,
adding alloy element powders comprising carbonyl nickel powder, molybdenum powder, ferroalloy powders, graphite powders, or mixtures thereof, and hard particles to said first prealloy powder to form a mixed raw material powder,
compression-molding said mixed raw material powder to form a green compact body,
sintering said green compact body, and
tempering the sintered body.
8. The method for producing a valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy according to claim 7 , wherein said mixed raw material powder further comprises a second prealloy powder comprising by mass
0.5-2.0% of Cr,
0.5-4.0% of Mo,
0.5-5% of V,
0.2-1.0% of Nb,
2.0% or less of Si, and
0.8% or less of C,
the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
9. The method for producing a valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy according to claim 7 , wherein said mixed raw material powder comprises as said hard particles 10-30% by mass of Fe—Mo—Si alloy particles comprising by mass 40.0-70.0% of Mo, 0.4-2.0% of Si, and 0.1% or less of C, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
10. The method for producing a valve seat of a sintered iron-based alloy according to claim 7 , wherein said green compact body of the raw material powder is sintered at a temperature of 1100-1200° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and the sintered body is tempered at a temperature of 500-700° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.