Process for preparing transparent conductive coatings
A method of producing an article is described. The method includes (a) providing a substrate comprising an etchable surface layer; (b) coating the etchable surface layer with a composition comprising a non-volatile, etch-resistant component in a volatile liquid carrier; and (c) drying the composition to remove the liquid carrier, whereupon the non-volatile, etch-resistant component self-assembles to form etch-resistant traces on the etchable surface layer. The liquid carrier is in the form of an emulsion comprising a continuous phase and a second phase in the form of domains dispersed in the continuous phase.
1. A method of producing an article comprising:
(a) providing a substrate comprising a metallized surface layer;
(b) coating the metallized surface layer with a composition comprising a non-volatile, etch-resistant component in a volatile liquid carrier,
wherein the composition is essentially free of nanoparticles and the liquid carrier is in the form of an emulsion comprising aqueous domains dispersed in a continuous phase comprising an organic solvent that evaporates more quickly than the aqueous domains;
wherein the non-volatile, etch-resistant component is selected from the group consisting of Novolac resins, epoxy resins, polyester polyols, alkanes having at least 15 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof;
wherein the composition further comprises an etching agent;
(c) drying the composition to remove the liquid carrier, whereupon the non-volatile, etch-resistant component self-assembles to form interconnected etch-resistant traces on the metallized surface layer defining randomly shaped cells and the etching agent etches areas of the metallized surface layer not covered by the etch-resistant traces to expose the underlying substrate.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing the etch-resistant traces to expose areas of the metallized surface layer underlying the etch-resistant traces.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising adjusting the conductivity of the exposed areas of the metallized surface area.
4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising anodizing a surface portion of the exposed area of the metallized surface area.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallized layer is selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, aluminum, and combinations thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallized surface layer is in the form of a substantially continuous layer on the substrate.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein etching areas of the metallized surface layer not covered by the etch-resistant component comprises exposing the areas to a plasma.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein etching areas of the metallized surface layer not covered by the etch-resistant component comprises exposing the areas to an agent selected from the group consisting of acids, bases, oxidizing agents, and combinations thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is transparent to visible light in the absence of the metallized surface layer.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coating step comprises forming a substantially continuous coating on the metallized surface layer.