Processes for producing lipids
The present invention relates to processes for extracting lipid from vegetative plant parts such as leaves, stems, roots and tubers, and for producing industrial products such as hydrocarbon products from the lipids. Preferred industrial products include alkyl esters which may be blended with petroleum based fuels.
1. A process for feeding an animal, comprising a step of providing to the animal a vegetative plant part from a transformed plant, the vegetative plant part comprising one or more exogenous polynucleotides which encode at least Wrinkled 1 (WRI1) and a fatty acid acyltransferase and having a total non-polar lipid content of at least 10% (w/w dry weight).
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the vegetative plant part is a plant leaf.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the plant leaf comprises a total TAG content of about 11% (w/w dry weight).
4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the total fatty acid content in the non-polar lipid of the plant leaf comprises at least 2% more oleic acid than the non-polar lipid in a corresponding wild-type plant leaf.
5. The process of claim 2 , wherein the total fatty acid content in the non-polar lipid of the plant leaf comprises at least 2% less palmitic acid than the non-polar lipid in a corresponding wild-type plant leaf.
6. The process of claim 2 , wherein the non-polar lipid of the plant leaf comprises a modified level of total sterols, non-esterified sterols, steroyl esters or steroyl glycosides relative to the non-polar lipid in a corresponding wild-type plant leaf.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the vegetative plant part has one or more or all of the following features:
i) oleic acid comprises at least 19% of the total fatty acid content in the non-polar lipid in the vegetative plant part,
ii) palmitic acid comprises at least 20% of the total fatty acid content in the non-polar lipid in the vegetative plant part,
iii) linoleic acid comprises at least 15% of the total fatty acid content in the non-polar lipid in the vegetative plant part, and
iv) α-linolenic acid comprises less than 15% of the total fatty acid content in the non-polar lipid in the vegetative plant part.
8. The process of claim 7 , wherein oleic acid comprises at least 19% of the total fatty acid content in the non-polar lipid in the vegetative plant part.
9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the vegetative plant part is a plant leaf.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the vegetative plant part has a total non-polar content of about 11% (w/w dry weight).
11. The process of claim 10 , wherein the vegetative plant part is a plant leaf.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the vegetative plant part has a total non-polar lipid content of about 15% (w/w dry weight).
13. The process of claim 1 which comprises a step of harvesting the vegetative plant part from a plant grown in the field with a mechanical harvester.
14. The process of claim 13 , wherein the vegetative plant part is harvested from the plant at a time between about the time of flowering of the plant to about the time senescence of the plant has started.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid acyltransferase is a phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fatty acid acyltransferase is a monoacylglycerol acyltransferase (MGAT), a diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), or a glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT).