Method for producing methanol and apparatus for producing methanol
Synthesizing methanol from a synthesis gas and separating an unreacted gas from a reaction mixture obtained by passing through the synthesis step, the method including a synthesis loop having at least two synthesis steps and at least two separation steps; obtaining a first mixed gas by increasing through a circulator a pressure of a residual gas, obtained by removing a purge gas from the final unreacted gas separated from the final reaction mixture subsequent to the final synthesis step, and by mixing the residual gas with a fraction of a make-up gas; synthesizing methanol; separating a first unreacted gas from the first reaction mixture obtained in the synthesizing step; obtaining a second mixed gas by mixing the first unreacted gas and a fraction of the make-up gas; finally synthesizing methanol; and separating the final unreacted gas from the final reaction mixture obtained in the final synthesis step.
1. A method for producing methanol comprising: synthesis steps of synthesizing methanol from a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; and separation steps of separating an unreacted gas from a reaction mixture obtained by passing through one of the synthesis steps,
the method comprising a synthesis loop having at least two of the synthesis steps and at least two of the separation steps,
wherein the synthesis loop comprises: a first mixing step of obtaining a first mixed gas by increasing through a circulator a pressure of a residual gas, obtained by removing a purge gas from a final unreacted gas separated from a final reaction mixture in a final separation step subsequent to a final synthesis step, and by mixing the residual gas with 10 to 90 mol % of a make-up gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; a first synthesis step of synthesizing methanol from the first mixed gas; a first separation step of separating a first unreacted gas from a first reaction mixture obtained in the first synthesis step; a second mixing step of obtaining a second mixed gas by mixing the first unreacted gas and at least a fraction of 10 to 90 mol % of the make-up gas; the final synthesis step of finally synthesizing methanol; and the final separation step of separating the final unreacted gas from the final reaction mixture obtained in the final synthesis step, and
at least in the final synthesis step, a reaction temperature of a catalyst layer is controlled by indirect heat exchange with pressurized boiling water.
2. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein at least one separation step of the at least two separation steps comprised in the synthesis loop is a step of separating with a gas-liquid separator a liquid comprising methanol, produced by cooling the gaseous reaction mixture.
3. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein the first unreacted gas is mixed with 40 to 70 mol % of the make-up gas.
4. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein in the first separation step, the first unreacted gas is obtained by separating 35 to 100 mol % of the methanol in the first reaction mixture.
5. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein in the first separation step, the first unreacted gas is obtained by separating 75 to 96 mol % of the methanol in the first reaction mixture.
6. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein a circulation ratio, which is a ratio of a molar flow rate of the residual gas obtained by removing the purge gas from the final unreacted gas to a molar flow rate of the make-up gas, is within a range from 0.6 to 2.0.
7. The method for producing methanol according to claim 6 , wherein the circulation ratio is within a range from 0.8 to 1.5.
8. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the pressurized boiling water is within a range from 220° C. to 260° C.
9. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein the final synthesis step is a step of synthesizing methanol from the second mixed gas, or a step of synthesizing methanol from a second unreacted gas or a third mixed gas obtained by mixing the second unreacted gas and a fraction of the make-up gas, the second unreacted gas being separated from a second reaction mixture obtained in the step of synthesizing methanol from the second mixed gas.
10. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein the final synthesis step is a step of synthesizing methanol from the second mixed gas.
11. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein a catalyst used in each of the synthesis steps comprises copper atoms and zinc atoms in an atomic ratio (copper/zinc) of 2.0 to 3.0, and further comprises aluminum atoms.
12. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein a catalyst used in each of the synthesis steps comprises copper atoms and zinc atoms in an atomic ratio (copper/zinc) of 2.1 to 3.0, and further comprises alumina in a content of 3% to 20% by mass, and is prepared by a production method comprising: a step of producing a precipitate comprising copper and zinc by mixing an aqueous solution comprising copper, an aqueous solution comprising zinc and an alkali aqueous solution; a step of obtaining a mixture by mixing the precipitate and an alumina hydrate having a pseudo boehmite structure; and a step of molding the mixture so as for the density to be 2.0 to 3.0 g/mL.
13. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of the make-up gas to be mixed with the first unreacted gas is controlled according to a temperature of a reactor in the synthesis step.
14. The method for producing methanol according to claim 1 , wherein in each of all of the synthesis steps, a reaction temperature of a catalyst layer is controlled by indirect heat exchange with pressurized boiling water.