Method for making three-dimensional porous composite structure
A three-dimensional porous composite structure comprises a porous structure and at least one carbon nanotube structure. The porous structure has a plurality of metal ligaments and a plurality of pores. The at least one carbon nanotube structure is embedded in the porous structure and comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes joined end to end by van der Waals attractive force, wherein the plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged along a same direction.
1. A method for making a three-dimensional porous composite structure comprising:
S 10 , providing a salt solution of an inert metal and a salt solution of an active metal;
S 20 , forming a first plating film by electroplating the salt solution of inert metal on a substrate;
S 30 , placing a carbon nanotube structure on the first plating film;
S 40 , forming a second plating film by electroplating the salt solution of active metal on the carbon nanotube structure; and removing the substrate to obtain a composite structure;
S 50 , annealing the composite structure formed in the step S 40 at a high temperature to obtain a preform structure; and
S 60 , etching the preform structure to obtain a three-dimensional porous composite structure.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a plurality of composite structure are obtained, the plurality of composite structure are stacked with each other.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises at least one carbon nanotube film, the at least one carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of successive and oriented carbon nanotubes joined end-to-end by van der Waals force therebetween.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein a method for making the carbon nanotube film comprises:
S 31 : providing an array of carbon nanotubes; and
S 32 : pulling out at least one carbon nanotube film from the carbon nanotube array.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the carbon nanotube array comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes, the plurality of carbon nanotubes are substantially parallel with each other and perpendicular to a growing substrate.
6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises a plurality of carbon nanotube films, the plurality of carbon nanotube films can be coplanar or stacked.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein an angle between adjacent carbon nanotube films is ranged from 0° to 90°.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a process of annealing the composite structure at high temperature comprises:
heating the composite structure at a high temperature to melt the first plating film and the second plating film, the inert metal atoms in the first plating film are mixed with the active metal atoms in the second plating film to form a middle structure; and
annealing and cooling the middle structure to form an alloy of the active metal and the inert metal.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the high temperature is equal to and greater than 300° C.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein a method for etching the preform structure comprises: immersing the preform structure into a dilute acid solution or dilute alkali solution for electrochemical corrosion or chemical corrosion.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the dilute acid solution is dilute hydrochloric acid, and a weight concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid is 0.05 mol/L.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the three-dimensional porous composite structure defines a plurality of pores, wherein a size of the plurality of pores is less than or equal to 100 μm.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein a size of the plurality of pores is about 1 μm.