Implant heat protection
Presented herein are techniques for protecting an implantable component of a medical device from the buildup of excessive heat following a charging process. In one embodiment, the implantable component includes a resonant tank circuit that includes an implantable coil that receives power from the external charging device via an inductive link. The implantable component includes a rechargeable battery that is electrically connected to the resonant tank circuit and that can be recharged using the power received from the external charging device. A controller in the implantable component is configured to determine when charging of the rechargeable battery should be terminated and, in response, detune the resonant tank circuit in accordance with a predetermined pattern to signal to the external charging device that charging of the rechargeable battery should be terminated.
1. An implantable medical device, comprising:
a resonant tank circuit including an implantable coil coupled to an external coil of an external charging device via an inductive link so as to receive power from the external charging device via the inductive link;
a rechargeable battery electrically connected to the resonant tank circuit so as to be charged using the power received from the external charging device; and
a controller configured to:
determine when charging of the rechargeable battery should be terminated, and
detune and retune the resonant tank circuit using a predetermined sequential pattern to signal to the external charging device that charging of the rechargeable battery should be terminated.
2. The implantable medical device of claim 1 , wherein after detuning and retuning the resonant tank circuit in accordance with the predetermined sequential pattern, the controller is configured to electrically disconnect the rechargeable battery from the resonant tank circuit.
3. The implantable medical device of claim 2 , wherein to repeatedly adjust one or more characteristics of the resonant tank circuit, the controller is configured to repeatedly detune the resonant tank circuit between first and second resonant frequencies a predetermined number of times.
4. The implantable medical device of claim 2 , wherein to repeatedly adjust one or more characteristics of the resonant tank circuit, the controller is configured to repeatedly switch the capacitance of the resonant tank circuit from a first capacitance to a second capacitance a predetermined number of times.
5. The implantable medical device of claim 1 , wherein to detune and retune the resonant tank circuit in accordance with the predetermined sequential pattern, the controller is configured to repeatedly adjust one or more characteristics of the resonant tank circuit a predetermined number of times.
6. The implantable medical device of claim 1 , wherein to detune and retune the resonant tank circuit in accordance with a predetermined sequential pattern, the controller is configured to switch the impedance of the resonant tank circuit from a first impedance to a second impedance a predetermined number of times.
7. The implantable medical device of claim 1 , wherein the resonant tank circuit has a first resonant frequency to receive power from the external charger, and wherein, after detuning and retuning the resonant tank circuit the controller is configured to detune the resonant tank circuit to a second resonant frequency that is different from the first resonant frequency.
8. The implantable medical device of claim 6 , wherein the first resonant frequency resides in an industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio band.
9. The implantable medical device of claim 1 , wherein the implantable medical device is a cochlear implant.
10. A method, comprising:
at a resonant tank circuit of an implantable medical device tuned to a first resonant frequency, receiving power from an external charging device via an inductive power link;
using the received power to charge a rechargeable battery that is electrically connected to the resonant tank circuit;
determining that the rechargeable battery has reached an end-of-charge condition;
repeatedly adjusting one or more characteristics of the resonant tank circuit a predetermined number of times to send a predetermined signaling code to the external charger to disable transmission of power by the external charging device; and
after sending the predetermined signaling code, detuning the resonant tank circuit to a second frequency.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein repeatedly adjusting one or more characteristics of the resonant tank circuit a predetermined number of times, comprises:
repeatedly changing an arrangement of the resonant tank circuit between a first arrangement and a second arrangement, using a predetermined sequence.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein repeatedly adjusting one or more characteristics of the resonant tank circuit a predetermined number of times, comprises:
repeatedly switching the resonant tank circuit between the first and second resonant frequencies a predetermined number of times to adjust an amount of current flowing through an external coil of the external charging device in accordance with a predetermined pattern, wherein the pattern indicates to the charging device that the rechargeable battery has reached the end-of-charge condition.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein repeatedly adjusting one or more characteristics of the resonant tank circuit a predetermined number of times, comprises:
alternatively electrical shorting and opening the resonant tank circuit a predetermined number of times.
14. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
after sending the predetermined signaling code, disconnecting the rechargeable battery from the resonant tank when it is determined that the rechargeable battery has reached an end-of-charge condition.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein repeatedly adjusting one or more characteristics of the resonant tank circuit a predetermined number of times load modulates the inductive link to adjust an amount of current flowing through an external coil of the external charging device in accordance with a predetermined pattern, wherein the pattern indicates to the charging device that the rechargeable battery has reached the end-of-charge condition.
16. A method, comprising:
transferring power signals from an external coil of a charging device to an implantable coil of an implantable medical device, wherein the external coil and implantable coil are coupled via an inductive link;
monitoring the inductive link for a predetermined implant detuning sequence comprising a series of detectable load changes having a predetermined sequential pattern;
detecting, at the external coil, the predetermined implant detuning sequence; and
upon detection of the predetermined implant detuning sequence, reducing the transfer of the power signals from the external coil to the implantable coil to substantially zero.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein monitoring the inductive coupling for a predetermined implant detuning sequence, comprising:
monitoring an amplitude of current flowing through the external coil.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein monitoring an amount of current flowing through the implantable coil comprises:
measuring the amplitude of the current flowing through the external coil at different times to produce a plurality of current amplitude values;
comparing each of the current amplitude values to a predetermined threshold level;
after each comparison of a current amplitude value to the predetermined threshold level, writing a binary value to a storage memory device, wherein each binary value is based on the results of the preceding comparison and is written to the storage memory device in sequence; and
validating binary values in the storage memory device for the presence of a predetermined binary code stored in the storage device.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein monitoring the inductive coupling for a predetermined implant detuning sequence, comprising:
monitoring the amplitude of current flowing through the external coil with an implant impedance sensor.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein monitoring the inductive coupling for a predetermined implant detuning sequence, comprising:
monitoring an amplitude of a voltage at the external coil.
21. The method of claim 16 , wherein monitoring the inductive coupling for a predetermined implant detuning sequence, comprising:
measuring one or more of back scattering or reflected load changes from the implantable medical device.
22. An implantable medical device, comprising:
a resonant tank circuit including an implantable coil coupled to an external coil of an external charging device via an inductive link so as to receive power from the external charging device via the inductive link;
a rechargeable battery electrically connected to the resonant tank circuit so as to be charged using the power received from the external charging device over a first frequency; and
a controller configured to:
determine when charging of the rechargeable battery should be terminated,
sequentially change an arrangement of the resonant tank circuit between a first arrangement and a second arrangement, using a predetermined sequence so as to cause a corresponding sequence of detectable load changes at the external charging device; and
detune the resonant tank circuit to a second frequency.
23. The implantable medical device of claim 22 , wherein the controller is configured to:
electrically disconnect the rechargeable battery from the resonant tank circuit.
24. The implantable medical device of claim 22 , wherein sequentially changing the arrangement of the resonant tank circuit between a first arrangement and a second arrangement in accordance with a predetermined sequence repeatedly detunes and retunes the resonant tank circuit between first and second resonant frequencies a predetermined number of times.