Integrated clutch systems for torque converters of vehicle powertrains
Disclosed is a hydrokinetic torque converter (TC) with a TC housing. An impeller is disposed within the TC housing and connects to an engine output shaft. A turbine is disposed within the TC housing and connects to a transmission input shaft via a TC output shaft. A torque converter clutch (TCC), which is disposed within the TC housing and coupled to the TC output shaft, selectively locks the impeller to the TC output shaft. A damper, which is disposed within the TC housing and coupled to the TCC, dampens vibrations transmitted by the TCC. A disconnect device, which is disposed within the TC housing and coupled to the damper assembly and TC output shaft, connects the turbine to the TC output shaft or damper when positive torque is being transferred, and disconnects the turbine and TC output shaft or damper when negative torque is being transferred.
1. A hydrokinetic torque converter assembly for operatively connecting an engine with a power transmission of a motor vehicle, the engine having an engine output shaft, and the transmission having a transmission input shaft, the torque converter assembly comprising: a torque converter (TC) housing with an internal fluid chamber; an impeller with impeller blades rotatable within the fluid chamber, the impeller being configured to operatively connect to the engine output shaft; a turbine with turbine blades rotatable within the fluid chamber, the turbine being configured to operatively connect to the transmission input shaft via a TC output shaft; a torque converter clutch (TCC) disposed within the TC housing and coupled to the TC output shaft, the TCC being selectively actuable to lock the impeller to the TC output shaft; a damper assembly disposed within the TC housing and coupled to the TCC, the damper assembly being configured to dampen vibrations transmitted by the TCC; and a disconnect device disposed within the TC housing and coupled to the damper assembly and the TC output shaft, the disconnect device including a one-way clutch (OWC) with concentric inner and outer races and a plurality of rollers, sprags, pawls, and/or struts rotatably coupling the inner race to the outer race, the inner race being integrally formed with a damper tang of the damper assembly for common rotation therewith, and the outer race being rigidly secured to the turbine for common rotation therewith, the disconnect device being configured to drivingly connect the turbine to the TC output shaft and the damper assembly when torque is being transferred from the turbine to the TC output shaft in a first direction, and configured to drivingly decouple the turbine from the TC output shaft and the damper assembly when the torque reverses to a second direction.
2. The torque converter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the disconnect device is a passive clutching mechanism or an active clutching mechanism.
3. The torque converter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the disconnect device is disposed within the fluid chamber of the TC housing.
4. The torque converter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the inner race is secured for common rotation with the TC output shaft.
5. The torque converter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the damper tang is biased against a plurality of spring elements.
6. The torque converter assembly of claim 4 , wherein the inner race is splined to the TC output shaft.
7. The torque converter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the turbine includes a turbine hub rigidly connected to a turbine shell from which the turbine blades project, and wherein the outer race of the OWC is integrally formed with the turbine hub.
8. The torque converter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the turbine blades project from a turbine shell, and wherein the outer race is rigidly coupled to the turbine shell.
9. The torque converter assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a stator interposed between the impeller and the turbine, wherein the disconnect device is sandwiched between the stator and a clutch plate of the TCC, and is circumscribed by an annular damper flange of the damper assembly.
10. The torque converter assembly of claim 1 , wherein the OWC includes the plurality of rollers, the plurality of rollers being disposed between and circumferentially spaced around the inner and outer races.
11. The torque converter assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a stator disposed within the fluid chamber and interposed between the impeller blades and the turbine blades, wherein the disconnect device is disposed within the TC housing positioned between the stator and a clutch plate of the TCC.
12. A motor vehicle, comprising: an internal combustion engine with an engine output shaft; a multi-speed power transmission having transmission input and output shafts; a final drive system connecting the transmission output shaft to a plurality of drive wheels; and a torque converter assembly operatively connecting the internal combustion engine with the power transmission, the torque converter assembly comprising: a torque converter (TC) housing with a pump shell fixedly attached to a front cover to internally define therebetween a fluid chamber; an impeller with impeller blades rotatable inside the fluid chamber, the impeller blades projecting from the pump shell and operatively connected to the engine output shaft via the front cover; a turbine with turbine blades rotatable inside the fluid chamber, the turbine including a turbine shell operatively connected to the transmission input shaft via a TC output shaft; a torque converter clutch (TCC) disposed inside the TC housing, the TCC including a clutch plate coupled to the TC output shaft, the TCC being selectively actuable to lock the pump shell to the TC output shaft; a torsional damper assembly disposed inside the TC housing and coupled to the TCC, the damper assembly being configured to dampen vibrations transmitted by the TCC; and a passive-type one-way clutch (OWC) disposed inside the TC housing between the pump shell and front cover and coupled to the damper assembly and the TC output shaft, the OWC including concentric inner and outer races with a plurality of rollers, sprags, pawls, and/or struts rotatably coupling the inner race to the outer race, the inner race being integrally formed with a damper tang of the damper assembly for common rotation therewith, and the outer race being rigidly secured to the turbine for common rotation therewith, wherein the OWC is configured to automatically drivingly connect the turbine shell to the TC output shaft and the torsional damper assembly when positive torque is being transferred from the turbine to the TC output shaft, and configured to automatically drivingly disconnect the turbine shell from the TC output shaft and the torsional damper assembly when the torque reverses direction.
13. A method of constructing a hydrokinetic torque converter assembly configured to operatively connect an engine with a power transmission of a motor vehicle, the engine having an engine output shaft, and the transmission having a transmission input shaft, the method comprising: attaching an impeller with impeller blades to a torque converter (TC) housing with an internal fluid chamber such that the impeller blades are rotatable within the fluid chamber, the impeller being configured to operatively connect to the engine output shaft; attaching a turbine with turbine blades to the TC housing such that the turbine blades are rotatable within the fluid chamber, the turbine being configured to operatively connect to the transmission input shaft via a TC output shaft; attaching a torque converter clutch (TCC) to the TC output shaft within the TC housing, the TCC being selectively actuable to lock the impeller to the TC output shaft; attaching a damper assembly to the TCC within the TC housing, the damper assembly being configured to dampen vibrations transmitted by the TCC; and attaching a disconnect device to the damper assembly and the TC output shaft within the TC housing, the disconnect device including a one-way clutch (OWC) with concentric inner and outer races and a plurality of rollers, sprags, pawls, and/or struts rotatably coupling the inner race to the outer race, the inner race being integrally formed with a damper tang of the damper assembly for common rotation therewith, and the outer race being rigidly secured to the turbine for common rotation therewith, the disconnect device being configured to drivingly connect the turbine to the TC output shaft and the damper assembly when torque is being transferred from the turbine to the TC output shaft in a first direction, and configured to drivingly disconnect the turbine from the TC output shaft and the damper assembly when the torque reverses to a second direction.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the disconnect device is a passive clutching mechanism or an active clutching mechanism.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the disconnect device is disposed within the fluid chamber of the TC housing.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the inner race is secured for common rotation with the TC output shaft.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein the turbine includes a turbine hub rigidly connected to a turbine shell from which the turbine blades project, and wherein the outer race is integrally formed with the turbine hub.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein the OWC includes the plurality of rollers, the plurality of rollers being disposed between and circumferentially spaced around the inner and outer races.
19. The torque converter assembly of claim 13 , wherein the damper tang is biased against a plurality of spring elements.
20. The method of claim 13 , further comprising disposing a stator within the fluid chamber interposed between the impeller blades and the turbine blades, wherein the disconnect device is disposed within the TC housing positioned between the stator and a clutch plate of the TCC.