Frequency diversity pulse pair determination for mitigation of radar range-doppler ambiguity
The disclosed subject matter relates to Frequency Diversity Pulse Pair (FDPP) methods and technology implemented by, alternating the order of the pulse pair transmitted or order of the group of multiple pulses transmitted, the pulses differentiated based on the center frequency of each transmitted pulse. For example, where a pair of transmitted pulses have center frequencies f 1 and f 2 , the pulses transmitted in pairs such that the first pair may be f 1 followed by f 2 and the second pair are a different order, such as f 2 followed by f 1 .
1. A method for operating a radar system, comprising:
a. transmitting at least two pairs of pulses, each pair including center frequencies f 1 and f 2 and such that the order the pulses f 1 and f 2 are transmitted is reversed every alternate pair transmission;
b. receiving a corresponding reflection signal as a reception signal after the at least two pairs of pulses are reflected by a point scatterer; and
c. determining the mean radial velocity v r of the point scatterer from a transmitted waveform and received signal of frequency f 1 followed by a transmitted waveform and a received signal of frequency f 2 in a first pulse pair and a transmitted waveform and received signal of frequency f 2 followed by a transmitted waveform and a received signal of frequency f 1 in a second pulse pair where the first and second pulse pairs are transmitted in succession;
wherein, v r =cΔΦ/(4π(f 1 +f 2 ), where c is the speed of light, ΔΦ=ΔΦ order1 +ΔΦ order2 , andΔΦ order1 and ΔΦ order2 are determined using pulse pair algorithm and measurements obtained by f 1 /f 2 and f 2 /f 1 pulse pair as ΔΦ order1 =arg(E Rx,f1 (t)E* Rx,f2 (t+ΔT)), and ΔΦ order2 =arg(E Rx,f2 (t)E* Rx,f1 (t+ΔT)).
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein, said transmitting step includes transmitting two short pulses with center-frequencies of f 1 and f 2 in the order of f 1 and f 2 during a pulse repetition interval (PRI) and transmitting two short pulses with center-frequencies of f 1 and f 2 in the order of f 2 and f 1 during the next pulse repetition interval (PRI).
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein, f 1 and f 2 are frequencies ranging from 75 to 110 GHz, from 26.5 to 40 GHz, from 12 to 18 GHz or from 8 to 12 GHz preferably 9.6 GHz.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein, the frequency separation between the center frequencies of f 1 and f 2 is from 2 MHz to 10 MHz.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein, the time interval between the transmission of pulses f 1 and f 2 in the same pair (ΔT) is in the range of from 10 microseconds and 100 microseconds.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein, τ is in the range of from 3 KHz to 6 KHz.
7. A method for operating a radar system, comprising:
a. transmitting at least two pairs of pulses, each pair including center frequencies f 1 and f 2 and such that the order the pulses f 1 and f 2 are transmitted is reversed every alternate pair transmission;
b. receiving a corresponding reflection signal as a reception signal after the at least two pairs of pulses are reflected by a point scatterer; and
c. determining the mean radial velocity v r where v r =cΔΦ/(4π(f 1 +f 2 ), c is the speed of light, ΔΦ=ΔΦ order1 +ΔΦ order2 , and ΔΦ order1 and ΔΦ order2 are determined using pulse pair algorithm and measurements obtained by f 1 /f 2 and f 2 /f 1 pulse pairs as ΔΦ order1 =arg(E Rx,f1 (t)E* Rx,f2 (t+ΔT)), and ΔΦ order2 =arg(E Rx,f2 (t)E* Rx,f1 (t+ΔT)).
8. The method according to claim 7 wherein, said transmitting step includes transmitting two short pulses with center-frequencies of f 1 and f 2 in the order of f 1 and f 2 during a pulse repetition interval (PRI) and transmitting two short pulses with center-frequencies of f 1 and f 2 in the order of f 2 and f 1 during the next pulse repetition interval (PRI).
9. The method according to claim 7 wherein, f 1 and f 2 are frequencies ranging from 75 to 110 GHz, from 26.5 to 40 GHz, from 12 to 18 GHz or from 8 to 12 GHz preferably 9.6 GHz.
10. The method according to claim 7 wherein, the frequency separation between the center frequencies of f 1 and f 2 is from 2 MHz to 10 MHz.
11. The method according to claim 7 wherein, the time interval between the transmission of pulses f 1 and f 2 in the same pair (ΔT) is in the range of from 10 microseconds and 100 microseconds.
12. A radar system, comprising:
a. a transceiver configured to generate at least two pairs of pulses , each pair including center frequencies f 1 and f 2 and such that the order the pulses f 1 and f 2 are transmitted is reversed every alternate pair transmission;
b. a radar antenna connected to the transceiver to (1) receive from the transceiver and transmit the at least two pairs of pulses and (2) receive and transmit to the transceiver a corresponding reflection signal after the at least two pairs of pulses are reflected by a point scatterer; and
c. a digital receiver/processor connected to the transceiver to receive the reflection signals and configured to determine the mean radial velocity v r of the point scatterer from a transmitted waveform and received signal of frequency f 1 followed by a transmitted waveform and a received signal of frequency f 2 in a first pulse pair and a transmitted waveform and received signal of frequency f 2 followed by a transmitted waveform and a received signal of frequency f 1 in a second pulse pair where the first and second pulse pairs are transmitted in succession;
wherein, v r =cΔΦ/(4π(f 1 +f 2 ), where c is the speed of light, ΔΦ=ΔΦ order1 +ΔΦ order2 , andΔΦ order1 and ΔΦ order2 are determined using pulse pair algorithm and measurements obtained by f 1 /f 2 and f 2 /f 1 pulse pair as ΔΦ order1 =arg(E Rx,f1 (t)E* Rx,f2 (t+ΔT)), and ΔΦ order2 =arg(E Rx,f2 (t)E* Rx,f1 (t+ΔT)).
13. The radar system according to claim 12 , wherein the transceiver includes a digital waveform generator, the digital waveform generator configured to generate the pulses having center frequencies f 1 and f 2 .
14. The radar system according to claim 12 , wherein the digital receiver/processor includes a digital filter to separate the refection signals based on frequency.
15. The radar system according to claim 12 wherein, the transceiver is configured to generate two short pulses with center-frequencies of f 1 and f 2 in the order of f 1 and f 2 during a pulse repetition interval (PRI) and generate two short pulses with center-frequencies of f 1 and f 2 in the order of f 2 and f 1 during the next pulse repetition interval (PRI).
16. The radar system according to claim 12 wherein, f 1 and f 2 are frequencies ranging from 75 to 110 GHz, from 26.5 to 40 GHz, from 12 to 18 GHz or from 8 to 12 GHz preferably 9.6 GHz.
17. The radar system according to claim 12 wherein, the frequency separation between the center frequencies of f 1 and f 2 is from 2 MHz to 10 MHz.
18. The radar system according to claim 12 wherein, the time interval between the transmission of pulses f 1 and f 2 in the same pair (ΔT) is in the range of from 10 microseconds and 100 microseconds.