Method for preparing sugar, bioethanol or microbial metabolite from lignocellulosic biomass
The present invention relates to a method for preparing bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. The method of the present invention is capable of: minimizing the impurity content of an enzymatic saccharification raw material, by extracting biomass using hot water, before pretreatment, and removing extractable substances such as inorganic salts; suppressing, to the greatest extent, the production of overdecomposition products of sugar, by pretreating the biomass, from which the hot water extractable substances have been removed, in a condition for maximizing xylan yield; preparing fermentable sugar at a low cost, without washing a pretreated solid obtained from subsequent solid-liquid separation, but by only concentrating a sugar solution obtained after enzymatic saccharification, using a separation film; and preparing bioethanol therefrom in high yield.
1. A method of producing fermentable sugar, the method comprising the steps of:
performing liquid hot water pretreatment of a lignocellulosic biomass at 160 to 230° C. temperature to produce a pretreatment product;
treating said pretreatment product with an aqueous alkali solution at pH 11 or higher and 80 to 105° C. temperature;
adjusting pH to 5.0+0.1 by adding a base having at least two hydroxyl groups, wherein the base is present in a form of an aqueous solution or a colloidal suspension having an average diameter of 0.001 to 10 μm, wherein the base forms a salt by neutralization reaction with acetic add produced by hydrolysis of the pretreatment product, and a dissolution constant (pKa 2 ) of a second acetyl group of the resulting salt is 8.0 or more;
contacting the pretreatment product after said adjusting with a cellulose hydrolyzing enzyme, and producing fermentable sugar solution having at least 9±1% acetic add by weight, relative to total sum of glucose, other sugars, acetic acid, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF), and furfural in the fermentable sugar solution.
2. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the pretreatment product used in the step of treating with an aqueous alkali solution is selected from the group consisting of:
a) both a liquid and solid obtained after performing the liquid hot water pretreatment of the lignocellulosic biomass;
b) a solid obtained by a solid-liquid separation step performed after the liquid hot water pretreatment of the lignocellulosic biomass; and
c) a liquid pretreatment product obtained after performing the liquid hot water pretreatment of the lignocellulosic biomass.
3. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid hot water pretreatment is performed at 160 to 230° C. for 1 to 60 minutes.
4. The production method according to claim 1 , wherein the base is calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.
5. A method for fermentation comprising the steps of:
1) providing the fermentable sugar produced by the method according to claim 1 ; and
2) fermenting the fermentable sugar using at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of: genus Escherichia , genus Sacharomyces , genus Serratia , genus Lactobacillus , genus Lactococcus , genus Leuconostoc , genus Corynebacterium , genus Brevibacterium or genus Clostridium.
6. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
maintaining pH at 5.0±0.1 and temperature at 50±1° C.
7. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the base is calcium hydroxide.
8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the at least one microorganism is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.