Optical component and method for the production thereof
An optical component comprising at least one first waveguide having a first core and a casing surrounding the first core, and comprising at least one second waveguide having a second core, wherein the first core and the second core are guided adjacent and at a distance to one another in a longitudinal section, and at least one Bragg grating is arranged in said longitudinal section, and at least the first core, the first casing the second core and the Bragg grating are arranged in a single substrate.
1. An optical component comprising:
at least one first waveguide having a first core and a cladding surrounding the first core, the cladding having an outside surface;
at least one second waveguide having a second core, wherein the first core and the second core are guided side by side and at a distance from one another in a longitudinal section; and
at least one Bragg grating arranged in the longitudinal section, wherein at least the first core, the cladding, the second core, and the Bragg grating are arranged in a single substrate; and
a photodiode array arranged on the outside surface of the cladding and coupled to the at least one second waveguide.
2. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the distance between the first core and the second core in the longitudinal section is between approximately 0.1 and approximately 5 wavelengths of signals propagating in the at least one first waveguide.
3. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the distance between the first core and the second core in the longitudinal section is
between approximately 100 nm and approximately 5 μm.
4. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein at least the first core, the second core, and the Bragg grating are obtainable by laser exposure of the substrate.
5. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein at least the second core is surrounded by the cladding or the cladding forms the substrate.
6. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein at least one waveguide is a single-mode waveguide and at least one waveguide is a multi-mode waveguide.
7. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the Bragg grating is arranged in at least the first core, the second core, or the cladding between the first core and the second core.
8. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the second core comprises a plurality of second cores, the at least one Bragg grating comprises a plurality of Bragg gratings, and each one of the second cores is associated with a corresponding one of the Bragg gratings.
9. The optical component according to claim 8 , wherein each of the Bragg gratings has a different grating constant than the other of the Bragg gratings.
10. The optical component according to claim 1 and further comprising a mismatch between the first core and the second core, wherein the mismatch prevents or reduces a coupling of optical signals between the first core and the second core.
11. The optical component according to claim 10 , wherein the mismatch is created by different refractive index contrasts between at least the core and the cladding, different diameters of the cores, or different cross-sections of the cores.
12. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein at least one Bragg grating is designed as a chirped Bragg grating, an apodized Bragg grating, or a pi-shaped Bragg grating.
13. The optical component according to claim 1 , wherein the photodiode array has a complementary shape of the outside surface of the cladding of the at least one first waveguide.
14. An optical component comprising:
at least one first waveguide having a first core and a cladding surrounding the first core, the cladding having an outside surface;
at least one second waveguide having a second core, wherein the first core and the second core are guided side by side in a longitudinal section; and
at least one Bragg grating arranged in the longitudinal section, wherein at least the first core, the cladding, the second core and the Bragg grating are arranged in a single substrate,
wherein a mismatch exists between the first core and the second core, the mismatch preventing or reducing a coupling of optical signals between the cores, and
wherein a photodiode array is arranged on the outside surface of the cladding and is coupled to the at least one second waveguide.
15. The optical component according to claim 14 , wherein the first core and the second core in the longitudinal section are spaced apart between approximately 0.1 and approximately 5 wavelengths of signals propagating in the at least one first waveguide.
16. The optical component according to claim 14 , wherein at least the first core, the second core, and the Bragg grating can be obtained by laser exposure of the substrate.
17. The optical component according to claim 14 , wherein at least the second core is surrounded by the cladding or the cladding forms the substrate.
18. The optical component according to claim 14 , wherein at least one waveguide is a single-mode waveguide and at least one waveguide is a multi-mode waveguide.
19. The optical component according to claim 14 , wherein the Bragg grating is arranged in the first core, the second core, and/or the cladding between the first core and the second core.
20. The optical component according to claim 14 , wherein the second core comprises a plurality of second cores, the at least one Bragg grating comprising a plurality of Bragg gratings, wherein each of the second cores is provided with a corresponding one of the Bragg grating.
21. The optical component according to claim 20 , wherein each one of the Bragg gratings has a different grating constant than the other of the Bragg gratings.
22. The optical component according to claim 14 , wherein the mismatch is produced by different refractive index contrasts between at least the core and the cladding, different diameters of the cores, or different cross-sections of the cores.
23. The optical component according to claim 14 , wherein at least one Bragg grating is designed as a chirped Bragg grating, an apodized Bragg grating, or a pi-shaped Bragg grating.
24. The optical component according to claim 1 wherein the optical component is included in a filter or spectrometer.
25. A method for producing an add/drop filter or a spectrometer, comprising:
providing a substrate,
performing a point-to-point exposure of the substrate with a short-pulse laser, such that the refractive index of the substrate changes in exposed areas, wherein at least one second core and at least one Bragg grating and a first core are inscribed in the substrate in such a way that the first core and the at least one second core run side by side and adjacent to one another in a longitudinal section;
disposing at least one Bragg grating in the longitudinal section; and
arranging a photodiode array on the substrate, the photodiode array coupled to at least one waveguide and configured to receive an optical signal from the second core.
26. The method according to claim 25 , wherein the substrate comprises a first waveguide having the first core, a cladding that surrounds the first core, and the at least one second core and the at least one Bragg grating inscribed in the cladding.
27. The method according to claim 25 , further comprising varying a number of single pulses so as to influence a spot, a pulse shape, a pulse energy, a feed rate, or a number of overwrite processes.