Method for manufacturing a polymer sheet for use as an immobilization element
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polymer sheet for use as an immobilization element, wherein the sheet is at least partly made of a polymer material comprising a polymer from the group of polycaprolactone, a copolymer of polyethylene with at least one α-olefin having 3-10 C atoms, or a mixture of two or more of the aforementioned polymers, a photo-initiator, and a photo-cross-linker, wherein the polymer sheet has a thickness of 1.0 to 5 mm and wherein the polymer sheet is at least partially cured by exposing to UV radiation for the at least partially cross-linking of the polymer.
1. A method for manufacturing a non-invasive immobilization element for immobilizing one or more body parts in a predetermined position, the method comprising:
providing a polymer sheet having a thickness of 1.0 to 5.0 mm, the sheet at least partly made from a polymer material selected from the group consisting of polycaprolactone, a copolymer of polyethylene with at least one α-olefin having 3-10 C atoms, or a mixture of two or more of the aforementioned polymers, and the sheet additionally comprising a photo-initiator and photo-cross-linker; and
at least partly curing the sheet by exposing both sides of the polymer sheet to UV radiation so as to at least partially cross-link the polymer material thereof, a penetration depth of the UV radiation into the sheet being controlled during the exposing so as to vary a degree of the cross-linking as a function of the penetration depth so that the sheet transitions from a more viscous cross-linked exterior at each of said sides having a higher cross-linking degree to a softer cross-linked interior having a lower cross-linking degree between each of said sides.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein as a result of the varying cross-linking degree, the exterior of the sheet at each of said sides has a higher elastic modulus than the interior of the sheet.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the exposure is at a radiation power of 10 to about 500 watts for 30 seconds to 1 hour.
4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising directly shaping the at least partly cured sheet onto a body part at low temperatures so as to immobilize the body part.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the at least partly curing takes place on site prior to said directly shaping.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the immobilization element is for immobilizing the head of a patient during radiation therapy or diagnostic imaging.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the sheet comprises a mask zone and connection zones, each of the connection zones being separated along a length and/or width of the sheet, and wherein the connection zones have a higher degree of cross-linking than the mask zone.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sheet comprises perforations of varying dimensions at random or in different zones of the sheet so as to locally change elasticity of the sheet.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sheet, prior to the exposure to UV radiation, is cut into a desired shape.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer sheet has an edge, and wherein the edge, prior to the exposure to UV radiation, is not perforated.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the UV radiation has a wavelength between 100 and 450 nm.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a UV radiation source supplying the UV radiation is selected from an LED light source or a conventional UV light source.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one α-olefin with 3-10 C atoms is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1-butene and 1-octene.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the photoinitiator is one or more selected from the group consisting of benzoin, substituted benzoins, benzophenone, benzophenone derivatives, Michler's ketone alfa-hydroxyketone, benzil dimethyl ketal, isopropyl thioxanthane, dialkoxyacetophenones, acetophenone, benzil, and derivatives of the aforementioned compounds.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the substituted benzoin is benzoin ethyl ether.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the photo-cross-linker is one or more selected from the group consisting of polyfunctional vinyl or allyl compounds and derivatives thereof.
17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the polyfunctional vinyl or allyl compound is one or more selected from the group consisting of triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, pentaerthritol tetramethacrylate, ethylene glycol, dimethacrylate, diallyl maleate, and dipropargyl monoallyl cyanurate.