2′ fluoro-modified RNAs as immunostimulators
Methods of inhibiting the growth of cells or inducing cell death by contacting the cells with or introducing into the cells a composition including a 5′ triphosphate, 2′ fluoro-modified pyrimidine non-linear single stranded RNA at least 17 nucleotides long with a least 3 base pairings or a 5′ triphosphate, 2′ fluoro-modified double stranded RNA at least 17 base pairs long in an amount effective to inhibit cell growth, induce cell death or induce cytokine production by the cells. The methods also include administration of the compositions to a subject. The subject may have a proliferative disorder or infectious disease and administration of the compositions provided herein may treat the disorder or disease.
1. An RNA composition capable of inducing programmed cell death, cytokine production, or chemokine production in cells, the composition comprising a 5′ triphosphate, 2′ fluoro-modified pyrimidine RNA having at least 17 nucleotides and a double stranded portion of at least 3 base pairings forming a nonlinear structure within 15 nucleotides of the 5′ end of the RNA,
wherein the RNA comprises a nucleotide sequence having at least 80% sequence identity to a member selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ ID NO:12, SEQ ID NO:14, SEQ ID NO:15, SEQ ID NO:16, and SEQ ID NO:17.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-linear structure is a single stem loop structure.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-linear structure is a multiple stem loop structure.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the RNA is a single stranded RNA.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the 2′ fluoro-modified pyrimidine includes at least one 2′ fluoro-modified uridine.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein at least 10% of the nucleotides contain a 2′ fluoro-modification.
7. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a cytoplasmic delivery composition.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the cytoplasmic delivery composition is selected from the group consisting of a liposome, synthetic polymer, cell-penetrating peptide, nanoparticle, viral particle, electroporation buffer, and nucleofection reagent.
9. A method for inhibiting growth of cells, inducing programmed cell death, cytokine production, or chemokine production, the method comprising delivering to the cytoplasm of a cell a 5′ triphosphate, 2′ fluoro-modified pyrimidine RNA composition comprising at least 17 nucleotides and a double stranded portion of at least 3 base pairings forming a nonlinear structure within 15 nucleotides of the 5′ end of the RNA,
wherein the RNA comprises a nucleotide sequence having at least 80% sequence identity to a member selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ ID NO:12, SEQ ID NO:14, SEQ ID NO:15, SEQ ID NO:16, and SEQ ID NO:17.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the RNA is delivered to the cytoplasm via transfection, nucleofection, electroporation, a gene gun, or receptor-mediated endocytosis.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the composition further comprises a cytoplasmic delivery composition.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the cell is selected from the group consisting of melanoma, brain cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, and ovarian cancer cells.
13. A method for inhibiting growth of cells, inducing programmed cell death, cytokine production, or chemokine production, the method comprising administering a 5′ triphosphate, 2′ fluoro-modified pyrimidine RNA composition comprising at least 17 nucleotides and a double stranded portion of at least 3 base pairings forming a nonlinear structure within 15 nucleotides of the 5′ end of the RNA to a subject in need of such treatment, wherein the RNA comprises a nucleotide sequence having at least 80% sequence identity to a member selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:5, SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO:9, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 16, and SEQ ID NO: 17.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the composition further comprises a cytoplasmic delivery composition.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the RNA is delivered to the cytoplasm of a cell of the subject.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cell is selected from the group consisting of melanoma, brain cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, and ovarian cancer cells.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the RNA is delivered to the cytoplasm via transfection, nucleofection, electroporation, a gene gun, or receptor-mediated endocytosis.