Catalyst system for olefin metathesis
The present invention relates to a catalyst system for olefin metathesis, the catalyst system comprising: a) a first system zone substantially comprising a layered double hydroxide; and b) a second system zone comprising a metathesis catalyst.
1. An olefin metathesis process comprising contacting a feed stream comprising an olefin, with a catalyst system comprising:
a. a first system zone comprising a first system zone layered double hydroxide (LDH); and
b. a second system zone comprising a metathesis catalyst,
wherein said first system zone LDH comprises a first LDH metal and a different, second LDH metal, said first LDH metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn and said second LDH metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In, Mn, Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, V, Ti, Zr, Y;
wherein the metathesis catalyst comprises a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, and Re, said transition metal being supported on an inorganic support;
wherein the first system zone and the second system zone have different compositions; and
wherein the contacting of the feed stream with the catalyst system is performed with temperatures in the first system zone and the second system zone from 200° C. to 450° C.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first system zone is placed upstream with respect to the second system zone.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the metathesis catalyst comprises 0.1 to 60 parts by weight of a zeolite.
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the metathesis catalyst comprises 1 to 20 parts by weight of the zeolite.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the metathesis catalyst comprises 0.1 to 80 parts by weight of a second system zone layered double hydroxide.
6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the metathesis catalyst comprises 1 to 30 parts by weight of the second system zone layered double hydroxide.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the metathesis catalyst comprises a binder.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the first system zone layered double hydroxide to the metathesis catalyst is from 0.5:1 to 10:1 by weight.
9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the weight ratio of the first system zone layered double hydroxide to the metathesis catalyst is from 2:1 to 4:1 by weight.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal of the metathesis catalyst is selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, and mixtures thereof.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic support of the metathesis catalyst is selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, titania, zirconia, and mixtures thereof.
12. The process of claim 3 , wherein the zeolite of the metathesis catalyst is selected from the group consisting of ZSM-5, X-zeolite, Y-zeolite, β-zeolite, MCM-22, ferrierite, and mixtures thereof.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first LDH metal is selected from the group consisting of Li, Ca, Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and mixtures thereof.
14. The process of claim 13 , wherein the second LDH metal is selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In, Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, V, Ti, Zr, Y, and mixtures thereof.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first system zone layered double hydroxide comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, carbonate, bicarbonate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, nitrite, borate, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, hydroxide, fluoride, iodide, and mixtures thereof.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feed stream comprises ethylene, propylene, or a linear olefin selected from the group consisting of a C4 linear olefin, a C5 linear olefin, a C6 linear olefin, and mixtures thereof.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein the metathesis catalyst comprises a second system zone layered double hydroxide comprising a second system zone first LDH metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and mixtures thereof.
18. The process of claim 17 , wherein the second system zone layered double hydroxide further comprises a second system zone second LDH metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, In, Mn, Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, V, Ti, Zr, Y, and mixtures thereof.
19. The process of claim 1 , wherein the metathesis catalyst comprises a second system zone layered double hydroxide comprising an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, carbonate, bicarbonate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, nitrite, borate, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, hydroxide, fluoride, iodide, and mixtures thereof.
20. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first system zone does not comprise any further catalytic active species, or comprises said further catalytic active species only in an amount that does not significantly influence catalytic properties of the first system zone.