Detection device, detection system, and detection method
According to an embodiment, a detection device is used for a structure. The structure includes: a first member; a second member provided on an opposite side of the first member; and a welded portion that is provided along an end of the second member facing the first member and fixes the first member and the second member. The detection device include: a plurality of acoustic emission sensors that are disposed so as to be spaced apart from each other in a direction in which the welded portion extends and are configured to detect an elastic wave transmitted to the second member, each acoustic emission sensor being attached to the second member; and an outputter that outputs information, obtained from outputs of the plurality of the acoustic emission sensors.
1. A detection device that is used for a structure,
the structure including:
a first member that supports, from below, a traveling surface on which a vehicle travels;
a second member provided on an opposite side of the traveling surface with respect to the first member; and
a welded portion that is provided along an end of the second member facing the first member, the welded portion fixing the first member and the second member in a continuous manner in a longitudinal direction of the second member,
the detection device comprising:
a first plurality of acoustic emission sensors that are disposed so as to be spaced apart from each other in a direction in which the welded portion extends and are configured to detect an elastic wave transmitted to the second member, each acoustic emission sensor being attached to the second member; and
an outputter that outputs information, obtained from outputs of the first plurality of the acoustic emission sensors.
2. The detection device according to claim 1 , wherein
the second member includes a plate portion extending in a direction away from the traveling surface, and
the first plurality of the acoustic emission sensors are attached to the plate portion of the second member and are configured to detect the elastic wave transmitted to the plate portion.
3. The detection device according to claim 1 , wherein
where θ denotes an angle between a line connecting any given two adjacent acoustic emission sensors of the first plurality of the acoustic emission sensors and a reference line extending in the direction in which the welded portion extends, the following relationship is satisfied:
−20 degrees<θ<20 degrees.
4. The detection device according to according to claim 1 ,
further comprising a second plurality of acoustic emission sensors that are disposed so as to be spaced apart from each other in the direction in which the welded portion extends and are configured to detect an elastic wave transmitted to the first member, each acoustic emission sensor being attached to the first member,
wherein the outputter outputs information, obtained from outputs of the first plurality of the acoustic emission sensors attached to the second member and the second plurality of the acoustic emission sensors attached to the first member.
5. The detection device according to according to claim 1 , further comprising
an extractor that extracts information relating to characteristics of the elastic wave obtained by each of the first plurality of acoustic emission sensors, based on a detection result of the acoustic emission sensor, wherein
the outputter outputs information relating to the characteristics of the elastic wave obtained by the acoustic emission sensor and extracted by the extractor and information relating to an arrival time of the elastic wave at the acoustic emission sensor in association with each other.
6. The detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the second member is a trough rib.
7. The detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the second member has a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape.
8. The detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the second member includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion,
the first plate portion and the second plate portion are inclined with respect to each other so that a distance between the first plate portion and the second plate portion gradually decreases as the first plate portion and the second plate portion extend away from the traveling surface,
the welded portion connects a lower surface of the first member and upper ends of the first plate portion and the second plate portion, and
the first plurality of acoustic emission sensors are attached to the first plate portion of the second member.
9. A detection system configured to detect a state of a structure,
the structure including:
a first member that supports, from below, a traveling surface on which a vehicle travels;
a second member provided on an opposite side of the traveling surface with respect to the first member; and
a welded portion that is provided along an end of the second member facing the first member, the welded portion fixing the first member and the second member in a continuous manner in a longitudinal direction of the second member,
the detection system comprising:
a first plurality of acoustic emission sensors that are disposed so as to be spaced apart from each other in a direction in which the welded portion extends and are configured to detect an elastic wave transmitted to the second member, each acoustic emission sensor being attached to the second member; and
a position determiner configured to determine a generation source position of the elastic wave, based on information obtained from outputs of the first plurality of the acoustic emission sensors.
10. The detection system according to claim 9 , wherein
the first plurality of the acoustic emission sensors include a third acoustic emission sensor and a fourth acoustic emission sensor,
and
the position determiner is configured to determine the generation source position of the elastic wave based on a time difference between arrival times of the elastic waves at the third acoustic emission sensor and the fourth acoustic emission sensor, a propagation velocity of the elastic wave in the second member, and a position of the welded portion.
11. The detection system according to claim 10 , wherein
in a case where similarity between characteristics of the elastic wave in the third acoustic emission sensor and characteristics of the elastic wave in the fourth acoustic emission sensor is in a predetermined range, the position determiner determines that the elastic wave detected by the third acoustic emission sensor and the elastic wave detected by the fourth acoustic emission sensor are the same elastic wave, and determines a generation source position of the elastic wave.
12. The detection system according to claim 9 , further comprising
a determiner configured to determine a state of deterioration of the structure based on information relating to a density of generation source positions of elastic waves which are obtained by accumulating information of the generation source position of the elastic wave determined by the position determiner.
13. The detection system according to claim 9 , wherein the second member is a trough rib.
14. The detection system according to claim 9 , wherein the second member has a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape.
15. The detection system according to claim 9 , wherein the second member includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion,
the first plate portion and the second plate portion are inclined with respect to each other so that a distance between the first plate portion and the second plate portion gradually decreases as the first plate portion and the second plate portion extend away from the traveling surface,
the welded portion connects a lower surface of the first member and upper ends of the first plate portion and the second plate portion, and
the first plurality of acoustic emission sensors are attached to the first plate portion of the second member.
16. A detection method of detecting a state of a structure,
the structure including:
a first member that supports, from below, a traveling surface on which a vehicle travels;
a second member provided on an opposite side of the traveling surface with respect to the first member; and
a welded portion that is provided along an end of the second member facing the first member, the welded portion fixing the first member and the second member in a continuous manner in a longitudinal direction of the second member,
the detection method comprising:
determining a generation source position of the elastic wave based on results of detection of elastic waves transmitted to the second member at a plurality of positions spaced apart from each other in a direction in which the welded portion extends, the results of detection being output from a first plurality of acoustic emission sensors.
17. The detection method according to claim 16 , wherein the second member is a trough rib.
18. The detection method according to claim 16 , wherein the second member has a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape.
19. The detection method according to claim 16 , wherein the second member includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion,
the first plate portion and the second plate portion are inclined with respect to each other so that a distance between the first plate portion and the second plate portion gradually decreases as the first plate portion and the second plate portion extend away from the traveling surface,
the welded portion connects a lower surface of the first member and upper ends of the first plate portion and the second plate portion, and
the first plurality of acoustic emission sensors are attached to the first plate portion of the second member.