Bottom-up selective dielectric cross-linking to prevent via landing shorts
Embodiments of the invention include an interconnect structure with a via and methods of forming such structures. In an embodiment, the interconnect structure comprises a first interlayer dielectric (ILD). A first interconnect line and a second interconnect line extend into the first ILD. According to an embodiment, a second ILD is positioned over the first interconnect line and the second interconnect line. A via may extend through the second ILD and electrically coupled to the first interconnect line. Additionally, embodiments of the invention include a portion of a bottom surface of the via being positioned over the second interconnect line. However, an isolation layer may be positioned between the bottom surface of the via and a top surface of the second interconnect line, according to an embodiment of the invention.
1. An interconnect structure comprising:
a first interlayer dielectric (ILD);
a first interconnect line extending into the first ILD;
a second interconnect line extending into the first ILD;
a second ILD positioned over the first interconnect line and the second interconnect line;
a via extending through the second ILD and electrically coupled to the first interconnect line, wherein a portion of a bottom surface of the via is positioned over the second interconnect line; and
an isolation layer positioned between the bottom surface of the via and a top surface of the second interconnect line.
2. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein a cap is formed over the first interconnect line, and wherein the cap is a different material than the second interconnect line.
3. The interconnect structure of claim 2 , wherein the cap is a metal, an alloy, an intermetallic, a germanide, or a silicide.
4. The interconnect structure of claim 3 , wherein the cap is Cu, W, Ru, Co, Mo, Ni, Pt, Pd, Ta, Ti, RuTa, TaN, TiN, WCN, Cu 3 Ge, or Ni x Si y .
5. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein a cap is formed over the second interconnect line, and wherein the cap is a different material than the first interconnect line.
6. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein a bottom surface of the isolation layer contacts a top surface of a hardmask.
7. The interconnect structure of claim 6 , wherein the isolation layer has a thickness that is approximately half of a distance between a center of the first interconnect line and a center of the second interconnect line.
8. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein the first interconnect line is a different material from the second interconnect line.
9. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein the isolation layer does not extend across the entire width of the top surface of the second interconnect line.
10. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein the isolation layer is a cross-linked dielectric layer.
11. The interconnect structure of claim 10 , wherein the isolation layer is based on 1,3,5-trisilacyclohexane.
12. The interconnect structure of claim 1 , wherein a grafting group is formed between the bottom surface of the isolation layer and a top surface of the second interconnect line.
13. An interconnect structure comprising:
a first interlayer dielectric (ILD); a first interconnect line extending into the first ILD, wherein a cap is formed on a top surface of the first interconnect line;
a second interconnect line extending into the first ILD, wherein the second interconnect line is a different material than the cap;
a second ILD positioned above the cap and the second interconnect line; a via extending through the second ILD and electrically coupled to the first interconnect line by the cap, wherein a portion of a bottom surface of the via is positioned above the second interconnect line, and wherein the second ILD is formed above a portion of the second interconnect line; and
an isolation layer positioned between the bottom surface of the via and the top surface of the second interconnect line, wherein a sidewall of the isolation layer contacts a sidewall of the second ILD.
14. The interconnect structure of claim 13 , wherein the isolation layer is a cross-linked dielectric layer.
15. The interconnect structure of claim 14 , wherein the isolation layer is based on 1,3,5-trisilacyclohexane.