Stimulus-responsive poly(lactic-co-glycolic)-based polymers and nanoparticles formed therefrom
PLGA-based polymers include pendant nucleophiles protected with photocleavable protecting groups. Upon deprotection, the polymers degrade rapidly via intramolecular cyclization into small molecules. The polymer may be formulated as a nanoparticle, with an encapsulated payload, which may be an imaging agent, a bioactive agent or a pharmaceutical agent.
1. A composition comprising a polymer having a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) backbone and pendant nucleophiles protected by a stimulus-responsive protecting group, wherein the polymer comprises
or a derivative thereof, where X is NH, O or S, and wherein the protecting group is configured to deprotect upon exposure to a stimulus to facilitate degradation by intramolecular cyclization.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the protecting group is photocleavable and the stimulus is light.
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the light is UV light.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the protecting group is an ortho-nitrobenzyl (ONB) protecting group.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer degrades according to:
where X is NH, O or S.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymer is configured as a plurality of nanoparticles, the composition further comprising a payload encapsulated within each nanoparticle.
7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the payload is selected from the group consisting of imaging agents, bioactive agents, and pharmaceutical agents.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the pendant nucleophile is an amine.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the pendant nucleophile is an alcohol.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the pendant nucleophile is a thiol.
11. A composition comprising a polymer comprising:
a polymer backbone comprising a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) comprising
or a derivative thereof, where X is NH, O or S, and;
pendant nucleophiles linked to the backbone and protected by a photolabile protecting group, wherein the protecting group is configured to deprotect upon exposure to irradiation to facilitate degradation of the nucleophiles to five membered rings by intramolecular cyclization.
12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the irradiation is UV light.
13. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the protecting group is an ortho-nitrobenzyl (ONB) protecting group.
14. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the polymer degrades according to:
where X is NH, O or S.
15. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the polymer is configured as a plurality of nanoparticles, the composition further comprising a payload encapsulated within each nanoparticle.
16. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the payload is selected from the group consisting of imaging agents, bioactive agents, and pharmaceutical agents.
17. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the pendant nucleophile is an amine.
18. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the pendant nucleophile is an alcohol.
19. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the pendant nucleophile is a thiol.