Methods for forming a silicon nitride film
Methods for forming a silicon nitride film by a plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) process are provided. The methods may include: providing a substrate into a reaction chamber; and performing at least one unit deposition cycle of a PEALD process, wherein a unit cycle comprises, contacting the substrate with a vapor phase reactant comprising a silicon precursor; and contacting the substrate with a reactive species generated from a gas mixture comprising a nitrogen precursor and an additional gas. Methods for improving the etch characteristics of a silicon nitride film utilizing a post deposition plasma treatment are also provided.
1. A method for forming a silicon nitride film by a plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) process, the method comprising:
providing a substrate into a reaction chamber; and
performing at least one unit deposition cycle of a PEALD process, wherein a unit cycle comprises:
contacting the substrate with a vapor phase reactant comprising a silicon precursor; and
contacting the substrate with a reactive species generated from a plasma produced from a gas mixture comprising a nitrogen precursor and an additional gas, wherein the additional gas comprises at least one of helium or neon and the gas mixture is introduced into the reaction chamber at a flow rate ratio of additional gas to nitrogen precursor greater than 4:1.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas mixture is introduced into the reaction chamber at a flow rate ratio of additional gas to nitrogen precursor greater than 10:1.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas mixture is introduced into the reaction chamber at a flow rate ratio of additional gas to nitrogen precursor greater than 15:1.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising regulating the pressure within the reaction chamber during the PEALD process to greater than 3000 Pascals.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas mixture consists essentially of the nitrogen precursor and helium.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas mixture further comprises argon.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the gas mixture consists essentially of the nitrogen precursor, helium, and argon.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the silicon nitride film has a wet etch rate ratio (WERR) in dilute hydrofluoric acid (1:100) of less than 0.15.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen precursor comprises at least one of nitrogen (N 2 ), ammonia (NH 3 ), hydrazine (N 2 H 4 ), or an alkyl-hydrazine.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silicon precursor comprises a silicon halide precursor.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the silicon halide precursor comprises at least one of a silicon chloride precursor, a silicon iodide precursor, or a silicon bromide precursor.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the silicon iodide precursor comprises at least one of HSiI 3 , H 2 SiI 2 , H 3 SiI, H 2 Si 2 I 4 , H 4 Si 2 I 2 , or H 5 Si 2 I.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the substrate with the reactive species for a time period of less than 1 second.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growth rate of the silicon nitride film per unit deposition cycle of the PEALD process is greater than 0.035 nanometers per cycle at a substrate temperature of less than 450° C.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growth rate of the silicon nitride film per unit deposition cycle of the PEALD process is greater than 0.027 nanometers per cycle at a substrate temperature of less than 350° C.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growth rate of the silicon nitride film per unit deposition cycle of the PEALD process is greater than 0.024 nanometers per cycle at a substrate temperature of less than 250° C.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silicon nitride film has a wet etch rate ratio (WERR) in dilute hydrofluoric acid (1:100) of less than 0.35.
18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the silicon nitride film post-deposition with a reactive species generated from a plasma produced from a gas mixture comprising a nitrogen precursor and an additional gas, wherein the additional gas comprises at least one of helium or neon and the gas mixture comprises a percentage volume content of the additional gas greater than 70 percent.