Biological state analyzer and computer program
A novel technique for analyzing a biological state is provided. A body trunk biological signal (aortic pulse wave) extracted from the back of a body trunk is differentiated twice. By using a resultant second derivative waveform, a waveform component of a maximum amplitude of a low frequency appearing as a result of switch of an amplitude from attenuation to amplification in transition from a contracting phase to a diastolic phase of a ventricle is specified in each period of the second derivative waveform. Inflection points are specified that appear before and after the maximum amplitude waveform component. A biological state is analyzed using information about each of the inflection points. The two inflection points obtained from a reference form of the second derivative waveform of the aortic pulse wave substantially agree in time phase with first heart sound and second heart sound (or an R wave and a T wave in an electrocardiogram) indicating the dynamic state of a cardiovascular system. This enables analysis of a biological state.
1. A biological state analyzer comprising:
processing circuitry configured to
second differentiate a time-series waveform of a body trunk biological signal extracted from a back of a body trunk of a body by a body trunk biological signal measuring device to obtain a second derivative waveform of the body trunk biological signal in a time-series manner;
specify a maximum amplitude waveform component, which is a waveform component of a maximum amplitude of a low frequency appearing as a result of switch of an amplitude from attenuation to amplification in transition from a contracting phase to a diastolic phase of a ventricle, using a reference form of the second derivative waveform of the body trunk biological signal, the maximum amplitude waveform component being specified in each period of the second derivative waveform of the body trunk biological signal;
specify an inflection point where an amplitude switches from attenuation to amplification as a ventricle initial contracting phase responsive wave (Eα wave), and specify an inflection point where the amplitude switches from amplification to attenuation as a ventricle initial diastolic phase responsive wave (Eβ wave), the ventricle initial contracting phase responsive wave (Eα wave) and the ventricle initial diastolic phase responsive wave (Eβ wave) being arranged in this order along the temporal axis with the maximum amplitude waveform component placed in therebetween;
second differentiate a time-series waveform of a peripheral biological signal extracted from a periphery of the body by a peripheral biological signal measuring device to obtain a second derivative waveform of the peripheral biological signal in a time-series manner;
analyze a biological state of the body, using an initial contracting phase positive wave (a wave) and an initial diastolic phase positive wave (e wave) of the peripheral biological signal obtained from the second derivative waveform of the peripheral biological signal, and using the ventricle initial contracting phase responsive wave (Eα wave) and the ventricle initial diastolic phase responsive wave (Eβ wave); and
output an analysis result of the biological state of the body,
wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to analyze a state of a sympathetic nervous system using a time phase difference of heart-to-fingertip propagation time (a−Eα) between the initial contracting phase positive wave (a wave) of the peripheral biological signal and the ventricle initial contracting phase responsive wave (Eα wave) of the body trunk biological signal, and using a time phase difference of heart-to-fingertip propagation time (e−Eβ) between the initial diastolic phase positive wave (e wave) of the peripheral biological signal and the ventricle initial diastolic phase responsive wave (Eβ wave) of the body trunk biological signal,
wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to analyze the biological state by using a relation between vascular information and information about the sympathetic nervous system represented by at least one of the time differences a−Eα or e−Eβ,
wherein by using, as the vascular information, a wave height ratio (e/a value) between the initial contracting phase positive wave (a wave) and the initial diastolic phase positive wave (e wave) of the time-series waveform of the peripheral biological signal, the processing circuitry is further configured to
plot the wave height ratio e/a versus the time phase difference (a−Eα) or the time phase difference (e−Eβ), and
analyze the biological state based on the plot of the e/a ratio versus the difference a−Eα or e−Eβ,
thereby estimating a state of stress including a presence or absence of cardiovascular abnormality, without using a stethoscope or a measuring instrument for measuring of heart sound or an electrocardiogram.
2. The biological state analyzer according to claim 1 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to analyze a biological state by comparing the time-series waveform of the body trunk biological signal and the time-series waveform of the peripheral biological signal.
3. The biological state analyzer according to claim 2 , wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to determine the presence or absence of cardiovascular abnormality by comparing the time-series waveform of the body trunk biological signal and the time-series waveform of the peripheral biological signal in frequency and amplitude.
4. A non-transitory computer readable medium including executable instructions, which when executed by a computer cause the computer to:
second differentiate a time-series waveform of a body trunk biological signal extracted from a back of a body trunk of a body by a body trunk biological signal measuring device to obtain a second derivative waveform of the body trunk biological signal in a time-series manner;
specify a maximum amplitude waveform component, which is a waveform component of a maximum amplitude of a low frequency appearing as a result of switch of an amplitude from attenuation to amplification in transition from a contracting phase to a diastolic phase of a ventricle, using a reference form of the second derivative waveform of the body trunk biological signal, the maximum amplitude waveform component being specified in each period of the second derivative waveform of the body trunk biological signal;
specify an inflection point where an amplitude switches from attenuation to amplification as a ventricle initial contracting phase responsive wave (Eα wave), and specify an inflection point where the amplitude switches from amplification to attenuation as a ventricle initial diastolic phase responsive wave (Eβ wave), the ventricle initial contracting phase responsive wave (Eα wave) and the ventricle initial diastolic phase responsive wave (Eβ wave) being arranged in this order along the temporal axis with the maximum amplitude waveform component placed in therebetween;
second differentiate a time-series waveform of a peripheral biological signal extracted from a periphery of the body by a peripheral biological signal measuring device to obtain a second derivative waveform of the peripheral biological signal in a time-series manner;
analyze a biological state of the body, using an initial contracting phase positive wave (a wave) and an initial diastolic phase positive wave (e wave) of the peripheral biological signal obtained from the second derivative waveform of the peripheral biological signal, and using the ventricle initial contracting phase responsive wave (Eα wave) and the ventricle initial diastolic phase responsive wave (Eβ wave); and
output an analysis result of the biological state of the body, wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the computer to:
analyze a state of a sympathetic nervous system using a time phase difference of heart-to-fingertip propagation time (a−Eα) between the initial contracting phase positive wave (a wave) of the peripheral biological signal and the ventricle initial contracting phase responsive wave (Eα wave) of the body trunk biological signal, and using a time phase difference of heart-to-fingertip propagation time (e−Eβ) between the initial diastolic phase positive wave (e wave) of the peripheral biological signal and the ventricle initial diastolic phase responsive wave (Eβ wave) of the body trunk biological signal,
analyze the biological state by using a relation between vascular information and information about the sympathetic nervous system represented by at least one of the time differences a−Eα or e−Eβ, the vascular information being, a wave height ratio (e/a value) between the initial contracting phase positive wave (a wave) and the initial diastolic phase positive wave (e wave) of the time-series waveform of the peripheral biological signal,
plot the wave height ratio e/a versus the time phase difference (a−Eα) or the time phase difference (e−Eβ), and
analyze the biological state based on the plot of the e/a ratio versus the difference a−Eα or e−Eβ,
thereby estimating a state of stress including a presence or absence of cardiovascular abnormality, without using a stethoscope or a measuring instrument for measuring of heart sound or an electrocardiogram.
5. The non-transitory computer readable medium according to claim 4 , wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the computer to analyze a biological state by comparing the time-series waveform of the body trunk biological signal and the time-series waveform of the peripheral biological signal.
6. The non-transitory computer readable medium according to claim 5 , wherein the instructions, when executed, further cause the computer to determine the presence or absence of cardiovascular abnormality by comparing the time-series waveform of the body trunk biological signal and the time-series waveform of the peripheral biological signal in frequency and amplitude.