Penetrator munition with enhanced fragmentation
A munition, such as a warhead, includes a penetrator casing for penetrating hard targets, such as a fortification or reinforced building or other structure, with the penetrator casing having reduced-thickness portions. The reduced-thickness portions provide weak points to the casing that facilitate the casing being transformed into fragments of a desired size/quantity when an explosive within the casing is detonated after the penetration occurs, thus enhancing the effectiveness of the munition. In addition, the warhead may have lethality-enhancing materials, such as additional fragments and/or energetic materials, at the reduced-thickness portions of the penetrator casing. The reduced-thickness portions may be holes, such as longitudinal holes, in the casing, or may be grooves on an inner and/or outer surface of the casing. The munition may be a dual-use munition, with the explosive able to be detonated at a burst height for use of the warhead as a non-penetrating area fragmentation weapon.
1. A warhead comprising:
a penetrator casing; and
an explosive within the penetrator casing;
wherein the casing has a series of non-intersecting elongate reduced-thickness portions, thinner than portions of the casing that are adjacent the reduced-thickness portions;
wherein the penetrator casing has a monolithic nose without cutouts or openings therethrough, covering a front of the warhead, and an aft section extending back from the nose;
wherein the reduced-thickness portions are parts of the aft section;
wherein the nose has a thickest portion that is at least twice the thickness of the portions of the casing that are adjacent the reduced-thickness portions;
wherein the elongate reduced-thickness portions are portions in which the casing has holes therein, whereby the holes produce the reduced-thickness portions;
wherein the holes each have a length of more than half the aft section, with the length more than ten times a width of the holes; and
wherein the nose and the aft section are parts of a single continuous uninterrupted piece.
2. The warhead of claim 1 , wherein the aft section is substantially cylindrical.
3. The warhead of claim 1 , wherein the elongate reduced-thickness portions are parallel to one another.
4. The warhead of claim 1 , wherein the elongate reduced-thickness portions extend in straight lines.
5. The warhead of claim 1 , wherein the elongate reduced-thickness portions extend substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the warhead.
6. The warhead of claim 1 , wherein the holes include a series of longitudinal holes therein, separated circumferentially around the penetrator casing.
7. The warhead of claim 6 , wherein the holes have lengths in a longitudinal direction that are at least ten times their widths in a circumferential direction.
8. The warhead of claim 1 , further comprising a lethality-enhancement material located at the reduced-thickness portions of the penetrator casing.
9. The warhead of claim 8 , wherein the lethality-enhancement material includes solid fragments that are projected by the warhead when the explosive is detonated, with each of the holes containing multiple of the fragments.
10. The warhead of claim 9 , wherein the solid fragments include spherical fragments.
11. The warhead of claim 9 , wherein the solid fragments include fragments in casings.
12. The warhead of claim 9 , wherein the solid fragments include fragments having flat bodies.
13. The warhead of claim 12 , wherein fragments having flat bodies are star-shape fragment having a series of edged protrusions extending from each of the flat bodies.
14. The warhead of claim 9 , wherein the wherein the solid fragments are part of a repeating pattern of different fragments, having different materials, different shapes, and/or different sizes.
15. The warhead of claim 8 , wherein the lethality-enhancement material includes an energetic material that releases energy when the explosive is detonated.
16. The warhead of claim 1 , wherein the holes each have a diameter of 0.31 to 1.9 cm.
17. The warhead of claim 16 , wherein the aft section has a thickness of 1.9 to 5.1 cm.