Bonded zirconia refractories and methods for making the same
Disclosed herein are methods for making a bonded refractory material, the methods comprising preparing a slurry comprising glass precursor particles having an average particle size ranging from about 1 nm to about 200 nm; combining zirconia particles with the slurry to form a batch composition comprising at least about 80% by weight of zirconia; forming a green body from the batch composition; and sintering the green body to form a sintered refractory material. Sintered high-zirconia refractory materials can comprise at least about 80% by weight of zirconia having an average grain size of 100 microns or less, wherein the zirconia is interspersed in a glassy phase, and wherein the sintered refractory materials comprise about 15% or less by weight of the glassy phase. Melting vessels having at least one interior surface comprising such sintered zirconia refractory materials are further disclosed herein.
1. A sintered zirconia refractory material comprising:
at least about 80% by weight of zirconia having an average grain size of about 100 microns or less,
wherein the zirconia is interspersed in a glassy phase; and
wherein the sintered refractory material comprises about 20% or less by weight of the glassy phase.
2. The sintered zirconia refractory material of claim 1 , wherein the glassy phase comprises at least one oxide chosen from alumina, silica, boron oxide, titania, phosphorous oxide, alkali and alkaline earth oxides, and combinations thereof.
3. The sintered zirconia refractory material of claim 1 , wherein the refractory material comprises from about 4-18 wt % silica, from about 0-8% alumina, from about 0-8% boron oxide, from about 0-4% alkali or alkaline earth oxides, from about 0-2% titania, and from about 0-8wt % phosphorous oxide.
4. The sintered zirconia refractory material of claim 1 , wherein the refractory material comprises from about 4-10 wt % silica, from about 0.25-4% alumina, from about 0.2-4% boron oxide, from about 0-2% alkali or alkaline earth oxides, from about 0-0.5% titania, and from about 0-4 wt % phosphorous oxide.
5. The sintered zirconia refractory material of claim 1 , comprising at least 90% by weight of zirconia.
6. The sintered zirconia refractory material of claim 1 , wherein the zirconia has an average grain size ranging from about 10 μm to about 50 μm.
7. A melting vessel having at least one interior surface comprising the sintered zirconia refractory material of claim 1 .