Fabrication of highly CO
Embodiments include a method of making a metal-organic framework membrane comprising contacting a substrate with a solution including a metal ion and contacting the substrate with a solution including an organic ligand, sufficient to form one or more layers of a metal-organic framework on a substrate. Embodiments further include a defect-free metal-organic framework membrane comprising MSiF 6 (pyz) 2 , wherein M is a metal, wherein the thickness of the membrane is less than 1,000 μm, and wherein the metal-organic framework has a growth orientation along the [110] plane relative to a substrate.
1. A method of making a CO 2 selective metal-organic framework membrane based on hexafluorosilicate comprising:
contacting a substrate with a solution including a metal ion, the metal ion solution including MSiF 6 , wherein M is a metal, for a period of less than about 60 minutes to fabricate a MSiF 6 thin film on the substrate; and
contacting the MSiF 6 thin film on the substrate with a solution including an organic ligand for a period of less than about 60 minutes;
wherein contacting the substrate with the metal ion solution and contacting the MSiF 6 thin film on the substrate with the organic ligand solution constitutes one growth cycle, and one growth cycle forms one or more layers of a metal-organic framework on the substrate.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting comprises immersing.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising washing the substrate with a solvent after contacting the substrate with the metal ion solution.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising washing the substrate with a solvent after contacting the MSiF 6 thin film on the substrate with the organic ligand solution.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal comprises one or more of Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, Nb, Mn, and Co.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal is Ni.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal ion solution includes NiSiF 6 .
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic ligand solution includes pyrazine.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the substrate includes one or more of alumina, titanium oxide, polymer, copolymer, ceramic, glass, indium phosphide, metal or metal oxide, combinations thereof and composites thereof.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising executing a plurality of growth cycles to grow a defect-free membrane.
11. A metal-organic framework membrane comprising MSiF 6 (Ligand) 2 , wherein M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Fe, Al, Nb, Mn and Co, the thickness of the membrane is less than 1,000 μm, the membrane is contiguous with a substrate, the membrane has a growth orientation along the [110] plane relative to the substrate, and the membrane is CO 2 selective over each of H 2 , N 2 and CH 4 .
12. The metal-organic framework membrane of claim 11 , wherein the ligand comprises pyridine, 4,4′-Bipyridin, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, triazine, thiazole, oxazole, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, triazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, quinoline, benzoxazole, benzimidazole, 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO), or 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)acetylene (dpa).
13. The metal-organic framework membrane of claim 11 , wherein the metal is Ni and the ligand comprises pyrazine.
14. The metal-organic framework of claim 11 , wherein the substrate is alumina, titanium oxide, polymer, copolymer, glass, ceramic, indium phosphide, metal or metal oxide.
15. The metal-organic framework of claim 11 , wherein the substrate comprises one or more of —OH nucleation sites and —COOH nucleation sites.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising performing 5 to 50 growth cycles.
17. The method of claim 2 , wherein the substrate is immersed in the metal ion solution for up to about 10 minutes.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the substrate is immersed in the organic ligand solution for up to about 10 minutes.
19. The method of claim 9 , wherein the substrate is porous alumina.