Methods and apparatus for magnet-induced compression anastomosis between adjacent organs
Methods and apparatus for creating an anastomosis or fistula between the gallbladder and an adjacent organ are disclosed. First, a parent magnet, typically a permanent magnet, is deployed in the stomach, small intestine, or another organ adjacent to the gallbladder, and a mating daughter material is deployed in the gallbladder in order to create a magnet-compression anastomosis. The gallbladder may then be ablated or otherwise functionally inactivated through the anastomosis. Another aspect of the invention relates to an all-in-one surgical kit that contains all the necessary specialized tools for a surgeon to perform the procedure.
1. An implantable device for creating an anastomosis, the device comprising:
an assembly of magnetic segments associated with one another, each of the magnetic segments having a body including opposing poles at opposing ends of the body, the assembly configured to transition between a delivery configuration and a deployed configuration;
wherein, when in the delivery configuration, the magnetic segments are aligned end-to-end and each of the magnetic segments is directly joined to and in physical contact with at least one immediately adjacent magnetic segment at one of the opposing poles, wherein the assembly comprises a most-distal magnetic segment having a free distal end and a most-proximal magnetic segment having a free proximal end; and
wherein, when in the deployed configuration, the magnetic segments self-assemble into a geometric shape and the most-distal magnetic segment of the delivery configuration and the most-proximal magnetic segment of the delivery configuration are directly joined to and in physical contact with one another at the respective distal and proximal ends.
2. The implantable device of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the magnetic segments is directly joined to and in physical contact with an immediately adjacent magnetic segment by way of a hinge assembly allowing rotation of adjacent magnetic segments relative to one another.
3. The implantable device of claim 2 , wherein the hinge assembly comprises one or more knuckles defined on corresponding ends of adjacent magnetic segments and configured to cooperatively engage one another and allow rotation of the adjacent magnetic segments relative to one another.
4. The implantable device of claim 1 , wherein each magnetic segment has an N pole facing a first direction and an S pole facing an opposing second direction, such that the N pole is proximate to an S pole of an immediately adjacent magnetic segment.
5. The implantable device of claim 1 , wherein the geometric shape is angular, polygonal, annular, or spiral.
6. The implantable device of claim 1 , wherein, when in the delivery configuration, the assembly of magnetic segments is sized to fit within an introducing device for introduction into and implantation within a first organ.
7. The implantable device of claim 6 , wherein the assembly of magnetic segments is configured to respond to a magnetic field generated by a separate associated magnetic assembly implanted within a second organ such that both magnetic assemblies are magnetically attracted to one another through a defined tissue area of the combined thickness of walls of the two organs and exert compressive forces on the defined area.
8. The implantable device of claim 7 , wherein the two organs are selected from the group consisting of the gallbladder, the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine.
9. The implantable device of claim 8 , wherein the introducing device is selected from the group consisting of an endoscope, a trocar, a cannula, a catheter, and a fine needle aspiration device.