Welding method and welding structure
A welding method for joining together a plurality of welding objects by overlapping the plurality of welding objects and performing laser welding includes forming a weld by forming a plurality of nuggets along a virtual closed curve on the welding objects, by laser welding. A ratio of a diameter of the nuggets to a pitch dimension between the nuggets that are adjacent to each other is larger than ½ and no more than 1.
1. A welding method comprising:
overlapping a plurality of welding objects constituted by at least one aluminum alloy; and
emitting, from a thickness direction of the overlapped welding objects, laser light to a surface of one of the welding objects to join together the welding objects by making a weld that includes a plurality of nuggets formed along a closed curve on the welding objects, each of the nuggets being formed by scanning the laser light along a spiral-shaped path at a position that the nugget is to be formed, wherein:
the surface is arranged during the emitting of the laser light in a direction having a nonzero vertical component,
a ratio of a diameter of each of the nuggets to a pitch dimension between ones of the nuggets that are adjacent to each other is larger than ½ and no more than 1,
a ratio of the diameter of each of the nuggets to a thickness of the overlapped plurality of welding objects is no more than 3, and
the thickness of the overlapped plurality of welding objects corresponds to a total value of thicknesses of the overlapped plurality of welding objects and a thickness of a gap between the welding objects.
2. The welding method according to claim 1 , wherein
a ratio of the diameter of each of the nuggets to a thickness of one of the welding objects on a side where the laser light is not emitted is no more than 1.5.
3. A welding structure comprising:
a plurality of welding objects overlapped and joined together by a weld formed by emitting, from a thickness direction of the overlapped welding objects, laser light to a surface of one of the welding objects, the surface being arranged during the emitting of the laser light in a direction having a nonzero vertical component, wherein:
the weld includes a plurality of nuggets formed along a closed curve on the welding objects,
a ratio of a diameter of each of the nuggets to a pitch dimension between ones of the nuggets that are adjacent to each other is larger than ½ and no more than 1,
a ratio of the diameter of each of the nuggets to a thickness of the overlapped plurality of welding objects is no more than 3,
the thickness of the overlapped plurality of welding objects corresponds to a total value of thicknesses of the overlapped plurality of welding objects and a thickness of a gap between the welding objects, and
each of the welding objects is constituted by an aluminum alloy.
4. The welding structure according to claim 3 , wherein
a ratio of the diameter of each of the nuggets to a thickness of one of the welding objects on a side where laser light is not emitted is no more than 1.5.
5. The welding method according to claim 1 , wherein
the nuggets are formed such that an amount of recess from a surface of the welding objects on one side of the nuggets is substantially zero and an amount of protrusion from a surface of the welding objects on an opposite side of the nuggets is substantially zero.
6. The welding structure according to claim 3 , wherein
an amount of recess from a surface of the welding objects on one side of the nuggets is substantially zero and an amount of protrusion from a surface of the welding objects on an opposite side of the nuggets is substantially zero.
7. The welding structure according to claim 3 , wherein the plurality of nuggets consists of three of the nuggets.
8. A welding method comprising:
overlapping a plurality of welding objects constituted by at least one aluminum alloy; and
emitting, from a thickness direction of the overlapped welding objects, laser light to a surface of one of the welding objects to join together the welding objects by making a weld that includes a plurality of nuggets formed along a closed curve on the welding objects, molten metal of each of the nuggets reaching a surface of the welding objects on a side where the laser light is not emitted during the laser welding, wherein:
the surface is arranged during the emitting of the laser light in a direction having a nonzero vertical component,
a ratio of a diameter of each of the nuggets to a pitch dimension between ones of the nuggets that are adjacent to each other is larger than ½ and no more than 1,
a ratio of the diameter of each of the nuggets to a thickness of the overlapped plurality of welding objects is no more than 3, and
the thickness of the overlapped plurality of welding objects corresponds to a total value of thicknesses of the overlapped plurality of welding objects and a thickness of a gap between the welding objects.
9. The welding method according to claim 1 , wherein:
none of the welding objects constituted by at least one aluminum alloy are a brazing sheet, and
the laser light is emitted directly on the surface of the one welding object.
10. The welding structure according to claim 3 , wherein:
none of the welding objects, each of which is constituted by an aluminum alloy, are a brazing sheet, and
the weld is formed by emitting laser light directly on the surface of the one welding object.
11. The welding method according to claim 8 , wherein:
none of the welding objects constituted by at least one aluminum alloy are a brazing sheet, and
the laser light is emitted directly on the surface of the one welding object.