Inductor current distribution
An LC tank circuit, such as an LC tank circuit of a step-tuned voltage controlled oscillator, includes an inductor and one or more capacitors. The inductor can be dog-bone shaped with a body, an extension and a chamfered joint to improve current distribution. The body and the extension can extend along different directions. The body can be narrower than the extension, and the extension can be sufficiently wide to interface with a plurality of switched capacitor circuits coupled to different parts of the extension.
1. A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) comprising:
an output node configured to provide an oscillating signal that is based at least in part on a voltage of an input signal; and
a tank circuit configured to affect the oscillating signal and comprising:
an inductor comprising:
a body extending from a first end along a first direction to an opposite end, the body having a width in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction; and
an extension at the first end of the body, the extension extending from the body at a non-zero angle relative to the first direction and extending past the width on both sides of the body along the second direction; and
a first capacitance circuit coupled to the extension.
2. The VCO of claim 1 , wherein the inductor further comprises a chamfered joint where the body of the inductor joins the extension of the inductor.
3. The VCO of claim 1 , wherein the extension is substantially perpendicular to the first direction.
4. The VCO of claim 1 , wherein the inductor further comprises a second extension at the opposite end of the body, the second extension extending from the body at a second non-zero angle relative to the first direction and extending past the width on both sides of the body along the second direction such that the inductor is dog-bone shaped in plan view.
5. The VCO of claim 1 , wherein the inductor is a microstrip line inductor.
6. The VCO of claim 1 , further comprising a second capacitance circuit coupled to the extension at a different point than the first capacitance circuit.
7. The VCO of claim 6 , wherein a shape of the inductor is a means for distributing current substantially uniformly across an interface of the extension that is coupled to the first capacitance circuit and the second capacitance circuit.
8. The VCO of claim 6 , wherein the first capacitance circuit is a first switched capacitance circuit, the second capacitance circuit is a second switched capacitance circuit, and wherein the first switched capacitance circuit and the second switched capacitance circuit are included in a switched capacitor bank.
9. The VCO of claim 1 , wherein the extension interfaces with at least two switched capacitor banks that have a combined width that is wider than the body of the inductor.
10. An LC circuit comprising:
a inductor comprising:
a body extending along a first direction;
an extension that extends from the body at a non-zero angle relative to the first direction; and
a chamfered joint between the body and the extension; and
a plurality of capacitors coupled to the extension at different points.
11. The LC circuit of claim 10 , wherein the extension is substantially perpendicular to the first direction.
12. The LC circuit of claim 10 , wherein the inductor is dog-bone shaped in plan view.
13. The LC circuit of claim 10 , wherein the inductor is a transmission line inductor.
14. The LC circuit of claim 10 , wherein the chamfered joint has a triangular shape in a plan view.
15. The LC circuit of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of capacitors form part of a switched capacitor bank.
16. The LC circuit of claim 15 , further comprising a second switched capacitor bank, wherein the inductor comprises a second extension extending from the body at the non-zero angle relative to first direction, and wherein the second switch capacitor bank is coupled to the second extension such that the switched capacitor bank is coupled to the second switched capacitor bank by way of the inductor.
17. The LC circuit of claim 10 , wherein a shape of the inductor is configured to cause substantially uniform per-capacitance current distribution across an interface of the extension that is coupled to the capacitors of the plurality of capacitors.
18. A method for current distribution in an oscillator using an inductor, the method comprising:
directing current through the inductor to switched capacitor circuits such that portions of the current flow along an outside skin depth of a body of the inductor, flow through a portion of a chamfered joint of the inductor, and branch into different paths to respective ones of the switched capacitor circuits; and
generating an oscillating signal using the inductor and at least one of the switched capacitor circuits.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein at least half of the inductor is dog-bone shaped.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the switched capacitor circuits are wider than the body of the inductor, and wherein the current can flow from the chamfered joint to any of switched capacitor circuits while crossing less than 40% of a width of an extension of the inductor that is joined to the body at the chamfered joint.