Composite ceramic materials, articles, and method of manufacture
Composite ceramic materials are disclosed herein which comprise two or more crystalline phases, wherein a first crystalline phase comprises a first refractory material having a first melting point, and a second crystalline phase comprises a second refractory material having a second melting point which is lower than the first melting point, and the second crystalline phase comprises large domain sizes of the second refractory material. Articles comprising such a composite ceramic material, such as honeycomb bodies, catalytic substrates, and particulate filters, are also disclosed herein, in addition to methods of manufacture thereof.
1. A ceramic material comprising:
a first crystalline phase comprised of a first refractory material, the first crystalline phase having a first melting point;
a second crystalline phase comprised of a second refractory material having a second melting point which is lower than the first melting point, wherein the second crystalline phase comprises domain sizes of greater than 5,000 μm 2 as measured by Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD);
wherein the first crystalline phase comprises MgTi2O5 in solid solution with tialite.
2. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the first crystalline phase constitutes at least 50% by volume of the ceramic material.
3. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the second crystalline phase constitutes less than 50% by volume of the ceramic material.
4. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the first crystalline phase constitutes at least 50% by weight of the ceramic material.
5. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the second crystalline phase constitutes less than 35% by weight of the ceramic material.
6. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the first crystalline phase constitutes at least 55% by weight of the material, and the second crystalline phase constitutes less than 35% by weight of the ceramic material.
7. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the first crystalline phase constitutes at least 60% by weight of the material, and the second crystalline phase constitutes less than 30% by weight of the ceramic material.
8. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the melting point of the first crystalline phase is greater than 1500° C.
9. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the melting point of the second crystalline phase is less than 1500° C.
10. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the melting point of the second crystalline phase is 1450° C. or less.
11. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the melting point of the second crystalline phase is 1300° C. to 1450° C.
12. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the second crystalline phase comprises domain sizes of greater than 10,000 μm 2 as measured by Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD).
13. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the second crystalline phase has an average domain size of greater than 20,000 μm 2 as measured by Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD).
14. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the first crystalline phase further comprises mullite.
15. The ceramic material of claim 1 further comprising a third crystalline phase.
16. The ceramic material of claim 1 wherein the first crystalline phase further comprises mullite and the second crystalline phase comprises cordierite.
17. The ceramic material of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a bulk porosity of greater than 40% as measured by mercury porosimetry.
18. The ceramic material of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a plurality of pores having a pore size distribution with a d10 of 10 μm or greater.
19. The ceramic material of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a plurality of pores having a pore size distribution with a d50 of 15 μm or greater.
20. The ceramic material of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises a plurality of pores having a pore size distribution with a d50 of 15 to 20 μm.
21. A composite ceramic material comprising:
a first crystalline phase comprised of tialite in solid solution with MgTi2O5, the first crystalline phase having a first melting point and a first maximum domain size in a select cross-sectional plane;
a second crystalline phase comprised of cordierite having a second melting point which is lower than the first melting point, and having a second maximum domain size in the select cross-sectional plane, wherein a ratio of the second maximum domain size to the first maximum domain size is 6.0 or more;
wherein the second crystalline phase has domain sizes of greater than 5,000 μm 2 as measured by Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD).
22. A ceramic material comprising:
a first crystalline phase comprised of a first refractory material, the first crystalline phase having a first melting point;
a second crystalline phase comprised of a second refractory material having a second melting point which is lower than the first melting point, wherein the second crystalline phase comprises domain sizes of greater than 5,000 μm 2 as measured by Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD); and
a third crystalline phase;
wherein the first crystalline phase comprises mullite, the second crystalline phase comprises cordierite, and the third crystalline phase comprises tialite and MgTi2O5.
23. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the first crystalline phase constitutes at least 50% by volume of the ceramic material.
24. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the second crystalline phase constitutes less than 50% by volume of the ceramic material.
25. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the first crystalline phase constitutes at least 50% by weight of the ceramic material.
26. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the second crystalline phase constitutes less than 35% by weight of the ceramic material.
27. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the first crystalline phase constitutes at least 55% by weight of the material, and the second crystalline phase constitutes less than 35% by weight of the ceramic material.
28. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the first crystalline phase constitutes at least 60% by weight of the material, and the second crystalline phase constitutes less than 30% by weight of the ceramic material.
29. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the melting point of the first crystalline phase is greater than 1500° C.
30. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the melting point of the second crystalline phase is less than 1500° C.
31. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the melting point of the second crystalline phase is 1450° C. or less.
32. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the melting point of the second crystalline phase is 1300° C. to 1450° C.
33. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the second crystalline phase comprises domain sizes of greater than 10,000 μm 2 as measured by Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD).
34. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the second crystalline phase has an average domain size of greater than 20,000 μm 2 as measured by Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD).
35. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the material comprises a bulk porosity of greater than 40% as measured by mercury porosimetry.
36. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the material comprises a plurality of pores having a pore size distribution with a d10 of 10 μm or greater.
37. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the material comprises a plurality of pores having a pore size distribution with a d50 of 15 μm or greater.
38. The ceramic material of claim 22 wherein the material comprises a plurality of pores having a pore size distribution with a d50 of 15 to 20 μm.