Process for the preparation of apremilast
The present invention relates to a process for preparation of apremilast. The present invention relates to p-xylene solvate of apremilast and process for its preparation.
1. A process for the preparation of apremilast, a compound of formula I
the method comprising reacting a compound of formula II with a compound of formula III or a salt thereof
in the presence of a non-carboxylic acid solvent to obtain apremilast wherein the content of deacetyl apremilast, a compound of formula IV, is less than 1% w/w as determined by HPLC.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the reaction of the compound of formula II with the compound of formula III or a salt thereof is carried out in the absence of acetic acid.
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the non-carboxylic acid solvent is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol, ketone, hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbon, amide, sulfoxide, ether, ester, nitrile, water and mixtures thereof.
4. The process as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the nitrile solvent is acetonitrile.
5. The process as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the amide solvent is selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl acetamide and formamide.
6. The process as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the ketone solvent is selected from the group consisting of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutylketone.
7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the non-carboxylic acid solvent is water.
8. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the salt of the compound of formula III is a salt selected from an optically active acid or chiral amino acid.
9. The process as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the optically active acid is selected from the group consisting of mandelic acid, tartaric acid, camphor sulfonic acid, dibenzoyltartaric acid, di-p-toluoyl tartaric acid, malic acid, aspartic acid, mucic acid, pyroglutamic acid, glucoronic acid, camphoric acid, gluconic acid, lactic acid, pantothenic acid, phenylpropionic acid and diacetyl tartaric acid.
10. The process as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the chiral amino acid is selected from the group consisting of alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, valine, 4-aminobutyric acid, 2-amino isobutyric acid, 3-amino propionic acid, norleucine, norvaline, hydroxyproline, cysteic acid, t-butylglycine, t-butylalanine, phenylglycine, cyclohexylalanine, N-acetylphenyl alanine and N-acetyl-leucine.
11. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the content of deacetyl apremilast, the compound of formula IV
is less than 0.5% w/w with respect to apremilast as determined by HPLC.
12. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the salt of the compound of formula III is L-pyroglutamate salt of (S)-2-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(methyl sulphonyl)eth-2-ylamine.
13. The process as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the L-pyroglutamate salt of (S)-2-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(methylsulphonyl)eth-2-ylamine is prepared by a process comprising reacting L-pyroglutamatic acid with 2-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(methylsulphonyl)eth-2-ylamine.
14. L-pyroglutamate salt of (S)-2-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(methylsulphonyl)eth-2-ylamine characterized by 1HNMR having peaks at 1.32, 1.93-2.29, 2.88, 3.36-3.52, 3.71, 3.96-4.01, 4.335.52, 6.89, 7.05, and 7.79, and a chiral purity of 99.94%.
15. Apremilast, a compound of formula I,
having a content of deacetyl apremilast, a compound of formula IV in an amount from aboutn 0.15% w/w to about 0.03% w/w as determined by HPLC.