Secondary battery, battery pack, electric vehicle, electric power storage system, electric power tool, and electronic apparatus
There is provided a secondary battery including: a cathode; an anode including a titanium-containing compound; and an electrolytic solution including a dicarbonyl compound. A content of the dicarbonyl compound is from 0.01 wt % to 5 wt % both inclusive.
1. A secondary battery, comprising:
a cathode;
an anode including a titanium-containing compound; and
an electrolytic solution including one or more of respective dicarbonyl compounds represented by the following formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6), a content of the dicarbonyl compound being from 0.01 wt % to 5 wt % both inclusive,
where each of R101, R104, R109, and R112 is an alkylene group, each of R102, R103, R106, R107, R110, and R111 is one of a hydrogen group, an alkyl group, a carboxyl group, and an alkylcarboxyl group, each of R105 and R108 is one of a hydrogen group, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, a silyl group (—SiR 3 ), and an alkali metal, each of R113 and R114 is a trivalent hydrocarbon group, R101 is optionally absent, and each of R109 and R112 is optionally absent, R102 and R103 are optionally bound to each other, R106 and R107 are optionally bound to each other, R110 and R111 are optionally bound to each other, each of three R's is one of a hydrogen group and a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and each of n1, n2, and n3 is an integer of 2 or more, and
wherein the dicarbonyl compound represented by the formula (4) includes a compound represented by the following formula (10),
where R123 is an alkylene group, and n4 is an integer of 2 or more.
2. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein
the monovalent hydrocarbon group is one of an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, and a monovalent group in which two or more of the alkyl group, the alkenyl group, the alkynyl group, the cycloalkyl group, and the aryl group are bound to each other,
the alkali metal is one of lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr),
the trivalent hydrocarbon group is a group in which three hydrogen groups are eliminated from one of alkane, alkene, alkyne, alicyclic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, and a compound in which two or more of alkane, alkene, alkyne, alicyclic hydrocarbon, and aromatic hydrocarbon are bound to each other.
3. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein
the alkylene group has 1 to 6 carbons,
the alkyl group has 1 to 6 carbons, and
a portion other than a carboxyl group of the alkylcarboxyl group has 1 to 6 carbons.
4. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the dicarbonyl compound represented by the formula (1) includes one or more of respective compounds represented by the following formulas (7) and (8),
where each of R115, R116, R117, R118, R119, and R120 is one of a hydrogen group, an alkyl group, a carboxyl group, and an alkylcarboxyl group, R115 and R116 are optionally bound to each other, and any two of R117 to R120 are optionally bound to each other.
5. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the dicarbonyl compound represented by the formula (2) includes a compound represented by the following formula (9),
where each of R121 and R122 is one of a hydrogen group, an alkyl group, a carboxyl group, and an alkylcarboxyl group, and R121 and R122 are optionally bound to each other.
6. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the titanium-containing compound includes one or more of a titanium oxide represented by the following formula (11) and respective lithium-titanium composite oxides represented by the following formulas (12), (13), and (14),
TiO w (11)
where w satisfies 1.85≤w≤2.15,
Li[Li x M1 (1−3x)/2 Ti (3+x)/2 ]O 4 (12)
where M1 is one or more of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and strontium (Sr), and “x” satisfies 0≤x≤⅓,
Li[Li y M2 1−3y Ti 1+2y ]O 4 (13)
where M2 is one or more of aluminum (Al), scandium (Sc), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), germanium (Ge), gallium (Ga), and yttrium (Y), and “y” satisfies 0≤y≤⅓, and
Li[Li 1/3 M3 z Ti (5/3)−z ]O 4 (14)
where M3 is one or more of vanadium (V), zirconium (Zr), and niobium (Nb), and “z” satisfies 0≤z≤⅔.
7. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary battery is a lithium-ion secondary battery.
8. A battery pack, comprising:
a secondary battery;
a controller that controls an operation of the secondary battery; and
a switch section that switches the operation of the secondary battery in accordance with an instruction from the controller,
the secondary battery including
a cathode,
an anode including a titanium-containing compound, and
an electrolytic solution including one or more of respective dicarbonyl compounds represented by the following formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6), a content of the dicarbonyl compound being from 0.01 wt % to 5 wt % both inclusive,
where each of R101, R104, R109, and R112 is an alkylene group, each of R102, R103, R106, R107, R110, and R111 is one of a hydrogen group, an alkyl group, a carboxyl group, and an alkylcarboxyl group, each of R105 and R108 is one of a hydrogen group, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, a silyl group (—SiR 3 ), and an alkali metal, each of R113 and R114 is a trivalent hydrocarbon group, R101 is optionally absent, and each of R109 and R112 is optionally absent, R102 and R103 are optionally bound to each other, R106 and R107 are optionally bound to each other, R110 and R111 are optionally bound to each other, each of three R's is one of a hydrogen group and a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and each of n1, n2, and n3 is an integer of 2 or more, and
wherein the dicarbonyl compound represented by the formula (4) includes a compound represented by the following formula (10),
where R123 is an alkylene group, and n4 is an integer of 2 or more.
9. An electric vehicle, comprising:
a secondary battery;
a converter that converts electric power supplied from the secondary battery into drive power;
a drive section that operates in accordance with the drive power; and
a controller that controls an operation of the secondary battery,
the secondary battery including
a cathode,
an anode including a titanium-containing compound, and
an electrolytic solution including one or more of respective dicarbonyl compounds represented by the following formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6), a content of the dicarbonyl compound being from 0.01 wt % to 5 wt % both inclusive,
where each of R101, R104, R109, and R112 is an alkylene group, each of R102, R103, R106, R107, R110, and R111 is one of a hydrogen group, an alkyl group, a carboxyl group, and an alkylcarboxyl group, each of R105 and R108 is one of a hydrogen group, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, a silyl group (—SiR 3 ), and an alkali metal, each of R113 and R114 is a trivalent hydrocarbon group, R101 is optionally absent, and each of R109 and R112 is optionally absent, R102 and R103 are optionally bound to each other, R106 and R107 are optionally bound to each other, R110 and R111 are optionally bound to each other, each of three R's is one of a hydrogen group and a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and each of n1, n2, and n3 is an integer of 2 or more, and
wherein the dicarbonyl compound represented by the formula (4) includes a compound represented by the following formula (10),
where R123 is an alkylene group, and n4 is an integer of 2 or more.
10. An electric power storage system, comprising:
a secondary battery;
one or more electric devices that are supplied with electric power from the secondary battery; and
a controller that controls the supplying of the electric power from the secondary battery to the one or more electric devices,
the secondary battery including
a cathode,
an anode including a titanium-containing compound, and
an electrolytic solution including one or more of respective dicarbonyl compounds represented by the following formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6), a content of the dicarbonyl compound being from 0.01 wt % to 5 wt % both inclusive,
where each of R101, R104, R109, and R112 is an alkylene group, each of R102, R103, R106, R107, R110, and R111 is one of a hydrogen group, an alkyl group, a carboxyl group, and an alkylcarboxyl group, each of R105 and R108 is one of a hydrogen group, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, a silyl group (—SiR 3 ), and an alkali metal, each of R113 and R114 is a trivalent hydrocarbon group, R101 is optionally absent, and each of R109 and R112 is optionally absent, R102 and R103 are optionally bound to each other, R106 and R107 are optionally bound to each other, R110 and R111 are optionally bound to each other, each of three R's is one of a hydrogen group and a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and each of n1, n2, and n3 is an integer of 2 or more, and
wherein the dicarbonyl compound represented by the formula (4) includes a compound represented by the following formula (10),
where R123 is an alkylene group, and n4 is an integer of 2 or more.
11. An electric power tool, comprising:
a secondary battery; and
a movable section that is supplied with electric power from the secondary battery,
the secondary battery including
a cathode,
an anode including a titanium-containing compound, and
an electrolytic solution including one or more of respective dicarbonyl compounds represented by the following formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6), a content of the dicarbonyl compound being from 0.01 wt % to 5 wt % both inclusive,
where each of R101, R104, R109, and R112 is an alkylene group, each of R102, R103, R106, R107, R110, and R111 is one of a hydrogen group, an alkyl group, a carboxyl group, and an alkylcarboxyl group, each of R105 and R108 is one of a hydrogen group, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, a silyl group (—SiR 3 ), and an alkali metal, each of R113 and R114 is a trivalent hydrocarbon group, R101 is optionally absent, and each of R109 and R112 is optionally absent, R102 and R103 are optionally bound to each other, R106 and R107 are optionally bound to each other, R110 and R111 are optionally bound to each other, each of three R's is one of a hydrogen group and a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and each of n1, n2, and n3 is an integer of 2 or more, and
wherein the dicarbonyl compound represented by the formula (4) includes a compound represented by the following formula (10),
where R123 is an alkylene group, and n4 is an integer of 2 or more.
12. An electronic apparatus comprising a secondary battery as an electric power supply source, the secondary battery including
a cathode,
an anode including a titanium-containing compound, and
an electrolytic solution including one or more of respective dicarbonyl compounds represented by the following formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6), a content of the dicarbonyl compound being from 0.01 wt % to 5 wt % both inclusive,
where each of R101, R104, R109, and R112 is an alkylene group, each of R102, R103, R106, R107, R110, and R111 is one of a hydrogen group, an alkyl group, a carboxyl group, and an alkylcarboxyl group, each of R105 and R108 is one of a hydrogen group, a monovalent hydrocarbon group, a silyl group (—SiR 3 ), and an alkali metal, each of R113 and R114 is a trivalent hydrocarbon group, R101 is optionally absent, and each of R109 and R112 is optionally absent, R102 and R103 are optionally bound to each other, R106 and R107 are optionally bound to each other, R110 and R111 are optionally bound to each other, each of three R's is one of a hydrogen group and a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and each of n1, n2, and n3 is an integer of 2 or more, and
wherein the dicarbonyl compound represented by the formula (4) includes a compound represented by the following formula (10),
where R123 is an alkylene group, and n4 is an integer of 2 or more.