Method for managing imbalance in a distributed propulsion system
A method for managing unbalanced thrusts caused by engine failures in an aircraft provided with a distributed propulsion system, the distributed propulsion system including 2N powertrains (PTi), with N a strictly positive integer and i an integer lying between 1 and 2N inclusive, distributed symmetrically in relation to a plane of symmetry of the aircraft, according to which the power of at least one powertrain belonging to a first side of the plane of symmetry is reduced when a failure occurs in a powertrain belonging to the opposite side, such that the sum of the moments of the thrusts generated by the powertrains in relation to the center of gravity of the aircraft is nil, to within regulatory tolerances.
1. A method for managing unbalanced thrusts caused by engine failures in an aircraft comprising a distributed propulsion system, the distributed propulsion system comprising 2N powertrains, where N is a strictly positive integer representing a number of engines on each side of a plane of symmetry of the aircraft, distributed symmetrically in relation to the plane of symmetry of the aircraft, wherein each powertrain comprises an engine-controller assembly, comprising an engine and a controller of the engine, coupled to a propulsive member and wherein each controller of a first side is assigned numerically to all the controllers of the opposite side by two transfer matrices each, the method comprising:
transmitting a failure signal from a corresponding controller of a failed engine to a data analysis and processing component of the aircraft; and
reducing a power of at least one powertrain belonging to a first side of the plane of symmetry when a failure signal is received by a powertrain belonging to an opposite side, such that a sum of moments of thrusts generated by the powertrains in relation to a center of gravity of the aircraft is approximately zero.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein when a failure affects a powertrain of a first side and cancels thrust delivered by the powertrain, the powertrain of a symmetrical opposite side of the powertrain that is failing is shut off.
3. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising transmitting, from the data analysis and processing component, a shut-off signal to the controller of the powertrain that is a symmetrical counterpart of the failing powertrain.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein when a failure affects a powertrain of a first side and reduces overall thrust on the first side, the powers of the powertrains of the opposite side are adjusted so as to have an overall thrust on the opposite side of a moment in relation to the center of gravity of the aircraft equal to and opposite the moment of the overall thrust on the first side in relation to the center of gravity of the aircraft.
5. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising transmitting, from the data analysis and processing component to the controller of each powertrain of the opposite side, a signal comprising specific instructions to adjust the engine speed and/or torque.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein, each controller is assigned numerically to the one or more processors by two matrices equally.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein in each of the 2N controllers 2(N+1) transfer matrices are implemented which allow computation of the speed and torque necessary to each powertrain to adjust overall thrust on a first side including the powertrain as a function of speeds and torques of the powertrains belonging to the opposite side.
8. An aircraft comprising a data analysis and processing component, comprising one or more processors, and a distributed propulsion system, the aircraft being configured to implement a method for managing unbalanced thrusts caused by engine failures in an aircraft provided with a distributed propulsion system, the distributed propulsion system comprising 2N powertrains, where N is a strictly positive integer representing a number of engines on each side of a plane of symmetry of the aircraft, distributed symmetrically in relation to the plane of symmetry of the aircraft;
wherein each powertrain comprises an engine-controller assembly, comprising an engine and a controller of the engine, coupled to a propulsive member, and wherein each controller of a first side is assigned numerically to all the controllers of the opposite side by two transfer matrices each;
wherein, upon engine failure, each controller is configured to transmit a failure signal to the data analysis and processing component of the aircraft; and
wherein the aircraft is configured to reduce a power of at least one powertrain belonging to a first side of the plane of symmetry when a failure signal is received from a powertrain belonging to an opposite side, such that a sum of moments of thrusts generated by the powertrains in relation to a center of gravity of the aircraft is approximately zero.
9. The aircraft according to claim 8 , in which the distributed propulsion is electrical.
10. The aircraft according to claim 8 , in which the distributed propulsion is hybrid.