Laser cooling of organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites
The invention relates generally to cooling matter using laser emission, and in particular, to cooling perovskite materials using laser emission.
1. A laser cooling apparatus for cooling a sample, the apparatus comprising:
a laser configured to irradiate the sample;
a cold chamber adapted to provide or maintain a cold environment of 200 K or less to the sample positioned in the cold chamber; and
the sample, wherein the sample comprises a perovskite material;
wherein the laser comprises any tunable wavelength of between 775 nm and 800 nm so as to cool the sample upon irradiation.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises an organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite material.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the sample comprises CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , CH 3 NH 3 PbCl 3 , CH 3 NH 3 PbBr 3 , CH 3 NH 3 PbICl 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbIBr 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbClI 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbClBr 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbBrI 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbBrCl 2 , or CH 3 NH 3 PbIClBr.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the sample comprises CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 .
5. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the sample comprises (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbCl 4 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbBr 4 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbICl 3 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbICl 2 Br, (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbICIBr 2 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbIBr 3 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbIBr 2 Cl, (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbIBrCl 2 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 2 Cl 2 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 2 ClBr, (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 2 Br 2 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 3 Cl, or (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 3 Br.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the sample comprises (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 .
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the cold chamber comprises a cryostat.
8. A method for carrying out laser cooling to a sample, the method comprising:
positioning the sample in a cold chamber adapted to provide or maintain a cold environment of 200 K or less to the sample, wherein the sample comprises a perovskite material; and
irradiating the sample with a laser;
wherein the laser comprises any tunable wavelength of between 775 nm and 800 nm so as to cool the sample upon irradiation.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the sample comprises an organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite material.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the sample comprises CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , CH 3 NH 3 PbCl 3 , CH 3 NH 3 PbBr 3 , CH 3 NH 3 PbICl 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbIBr 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbClI 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbClBr 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbBrI 2 , CH 3 NH 3 PbBrCl 2 , or CH 3 NH 3 PbIClBr.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the sample comprises CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 .
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the sample comprises (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbCl 4 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbBr 4 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbICl 3 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbICl 2 Br, (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbIClBr 2 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbIBr 3 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbIBr 2 Cl, (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbIBrCl 2 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 2 Cl 2 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 2 ClBr, (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 2 Br 2 , (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 3 Cl, or (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 3 Br.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the sample comprises (C 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 PbI 4 .
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein the cold chamber comprises a cryostat.
15. The method of claim 8 ,
wherein the sample is positioned on a mica substrate.
16. The method of claim 15 ,
wherein the mica substrate is suspended between two supporters.
17. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a mica substrate;
wherein the sample is positioned on the mica substrate.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising:
two supporters configured to support the mica substrate.