Method of identifying a mechanical trip in an electronic miniature circuit breaker
A method of establishing, and recording, the cause of a power interruption to the load in solenoid-operated electronic miniature circuit breakers of various types without extensive digital resources is presented. In some designs of electronic miniature circuit breakers a circuit breaker trip event will change the inductance of the trip solenoid. This change will take place for an electronic trip or a mechanical trip. A record of the electronic trip signal issued to the solenoid will be present to check against and differentiate the occurrence of an electronic trip from a mechanical trip. The mechanical trip occurs without the electronics and is also indicated by the change in inductance. Thereby, the cause of the power interruption can be determined, recorded and reported.
1. A method of operating an electronic miniature circuit breaker with a trip mechanism operated by a solenoid, comprising:
a) detecting a power interruption event at the circuit breaker; then checking an electronic trip data memory and if a trip signal was activated, record and/or report the event as an electronic trip, wherein an electronic trip is due to one of an arc fault circuit interrupt (AFCI) or a ground fault circuit interrupt (GFCI) function;
b) and if a trip signal was not activated,
measuring an Inductance (L) of the solenoid and determining if L is in a predetermined range or out of the predetermined range, and:
i) if L is in range, then record and/or report the event as an upstream close-down, wherein the upstream close-down comprises one of the circuit breaker having been manually turned off at a handle of the circuit breaker or an interruption of power upstream of the circuit breaker; and
ii) if L is out of range, then record and/or report the event as a mechanical trip, wherein the mechanical trip comprises one of a thermal trip resulting from a low overcurrent or a magnetic trip resulting from a high overcurrent.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising recording the event in a nonvolatile memory.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising measuring inductance via an LC circuit.
4. An electronic miniature circuit breaker with a trip mechanism operated by a solenoid, comprising:
a microprocessor; and
an inductance measurement circuit,
the microprocessor configured to,
a) receive notice of a power interruption event at the circuit breaker; and then check an electronic trip data memory and if an electronic trip signal was activated, record and/or report the event as an electronic trip, wherein an electronic trip is due to one of an arc fault circuit interrupt (AFCI) or a ground fault circuit interrupt (GFCI) function;
b) and if an electronic trip signal was not activated,
cause the inductance measurement circuit to measure an Inductance (L) of the solenoid, and determine if L is in a predetermined range or out of the predetermined range, and:
i) if L is in range, then record and/or report the event as an upstream close-down, wherein the upstream close-down comprises one of the circuit breaker having been manually turned off at a handle of the circuit breaker or an interruption of power upstream of the circuit breaker; and
ii) if L is out of range, then record and/or report the event as a mechanical trip, wherein the mechanical trip comprises one of a thermal trip resulting from a low overcurrent or a magnetic trip resulting from a high overcurrent.
5. The electronic miniature circuit breaker of claim 4 further comprising a nonvolatile memory, and wherein the microprocessor is configured to record the event in the nonvolatile memory.
6. The electronic miniature circuit breaker of claim 4 wherein the inductance measurement circuit comprises an LC circuit.
7. The electronic miniature circuit breaker of claim 4 , wherein the trip mechanism further comprises a latch and the upstream close-down does not affect the latch.
8. The electronic miniature circuit breaker of claim 4 , wherein the inductance measurement circuit is configured to determine if L is in a predetermined range or out of the predetermined range.