Method for decelerating a vehicle moving at low speed
The invention relates to a method for decelerating a vehicle ( 10 ) moving at low speed (vV), in particular by using a hydraulically or pneumatically operated braking system ( 26 ), with the following steps: determining, by means of the speed sensor ( 32 ), whether the speed (vV) of the vehicle ( 10 ) falls short of a predeterminable first limiting value (vC 1 ); if the speed (vV) of the vehicle ( 10 ) falls short of the first limiting value, increasing the propulsion torque (MA) transmitted to the drive train ( 18 ); and decelerating the vehicle ( 10 ) by increasing the braking torque (MB) acting on the wheels ( 20 ) by means of the controller (36).
1. A method for autonomously stopping a wheeled vehicle at a target position comprising:
operating a speed sensor to generate a speed signal indicating a speed of the vehicle;
operating a position-finding system to determine a difference (dtt) between an actual position of the vehicle and the target position; and
operating a controller in communication with the speed sensor and position-finding system to:
a) when the vehicle speed falls below a creeping speed, institute a proportional-integral control to i) establish a set speed which decreases as the difference (dtt) decreases and ii) increase a propulsion torque and a braking torque to respective levels to achieve the set speed; and
b) if the vehicle speed falls below a threshold lower than the creeping speed and the controller receives no demand for increased propulsion torque, further increasing the braking torque by an amount dictated by vehicle movement until the vehicle stops.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the further increase in braking torque recited in b) comprises:
increasing the braking torque by a defined value for each speed signal registered by the controller.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the increase of the propulsion torque is performed by applying a compensation factor.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the set speed is calculated from a quotient of the difference (dtt) and a scaling factor.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising operating the controller as follows:
after occurrence of step a), if the difference (dtt) falls below a limiting value and the speed sensor has not produced a speed signal for a certain time, setting a speed-error input value for an integrating term of the proportional-integral control to 1.
6. A method for autonomously stopping a wheeled vehicle at a target position comprising:
operating a controller to:
a) receive signals indicating a vehicle speed and a distance (dtt) of the vehicle from the target position;
b) when the vehicle speed falls below a creeping speed, command a vehicle powertrain to increase a propulsion torque and command a vehicle braking system to increase a braking torque, the propulsion and braking torques being controlled to meet a set speed which decreases linearly as a difference (dtt) between an actual position of the vehicle and the target position decreases; and
c) if the vehicle speed falls below a threshold lower than the creeping speed and the controller receives no demand for increased propulsion torque, further increase the braking torque by an amount proportional to vehicle movement until the vehicle stops.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the controller institutes a proportional-integral control to establish the set speed.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the controller receives the signals indicating vehicle speed from an incremental encoder, and the further increase in braking torque recited in c) comprises:
increasing the braking torque by a defined value for each speed signal received from the encoder.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the increase of the propulsion torque is performed by applying a compensation factor.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the set speed is calculated from a quotient of the difference (dtt) and a scaling factor.
11. The method of claim 7 , further comprising operating the controller to:
after occurrence of step b), if the difference (dtt) falls below a limiting value and no speed signal is received for a certain time, set a speed-error input value for an integrating term of the proportional-integral control to 1.
12. A method comprising:
determining a speed of a motor vehicle is below a first threshold;
independently of a driver, increasing a propulsion torque and a braking torque delivered to vehicle wheels to decelerate the vehicle; and
if the vehicle speed falls below a second threshold and no demand for increased propulsion torque exists, further increasing the braking torque by an amount proportional to wheel rotation until the vehicle stops.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein propulsion and braking torques are controlled by a controller which institutes a proportional-integral control to establish a set speed which decreases linearly as a difference (dtt) between an actual position of the vehicle and a target stopping position decreases.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the controller receives signals indicating vehicle speed from an incremental encoder, and the further increase in braking torque comprises:
increasing the braking torque by a defined value for each speed signal received from the encoder.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the increase of the propulsion torque is performed by applying a compensation factor.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the set speed is calculated from a quotient of the difference (dtt) and a scaling factor.
17. The method of claim 13 , further comprising operating the controller to:
if the difference (dtt) falls below a limiting value and no speed signal is received from an incremental encoder for a certain time, set a speed-error input value for an integrating term of the proportional-integral control to 1.