Superconducting coil pre-cooling method and superconducting magnet apparatus
Provided is a superconducting coil pre-cooling method for cooling a superconducting coil in a superconducting magnet apparatus including: the superconducting coil; a helium tank; a radiation shield; a vacuum case; and a refrigerator including a first cooling stage and a second cooling stage, a passage being disposed between the refrigerator and the radiation shield. The method includes: a supplying step of supplying a working medium in a gaseous state having a condensation point lower than a condensation point of nitrogen into a refrigerator surrounding tube; a cooling step of cooling the superconducting coil in a tank body by the working medium in the gaseous state that is cooled in the first cooling stage and further cooled in the second cooling stage after passing through the passage; and a discharging step of discharging the working medium that has cooled the superconducting coil in the tank body, out of the vacuum case.
1. A superconducting magnet apparatus, comprising:
a superconducting coil;
a helium tank that houses the superconducting coil and liquid helium in a posture in which the central axis of the superconducting coil is horizontal;
a radiation shield that houses the helium tank;
a vacuum case that houses the radiation shield;
a refrigerator having a first cooling stage thermally connected to the radiation shield, and a second cooling stage configured to condense a working medium in the helium tank; and
a supply unit configured to supply a working medium in a gaseous state having a condensation point lower than a condensation point of nitrogen into the helium tank, wherein
the helium tank includes:
a tank body that houses the superconducting coil and has a shape encompassing the superconducting coil;
a refrigerator surrounding tube extending upward from an upper portion of the tank body and surrounding the refrigerator; and
a communicating tube which extends upward from the upper portion of the tank body and through which an inside of the tank body and an outside communicate with each other,
the vacuum case includes:
a first tubular portion that surrounds the refrigerator surrounding tube; and
a second tubular portion that surrounds the communicating tube,
a passage is disposed between the refrigerator and the radiation shield, and
the supply unit includes:
a supply flow path configured to supply the working medium in the gaseous state into the refrigerator surrounding tube; and
a pump provided in the supply flow path and configured to create a flow in which the working medium in the gaseous state flows from the inside of the refrigerator surrounding tube into the tank body through the passage while coming into contact with the first cooling stage and the second cooling stage, flows downward between the tank body and the superconducting coil to pre-cool the super conducting coil until the superconducting coil enters a superconducting state, and flows upward between the tank body and the superconducting coil to be discharged out of the vacuum case through the communicating tube after cooling the superconducting coil.
2. The superconducting magnet apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a return flow path configured to return the working medium discharged out of the vacuum case through the communicating tube, to the supply flow path.
3. The superconducting magnet apparatus according to claim 2 , further comprising a flow rate adjustment valve configured to adjust a flow rate of the working medium to be supplied into the refrigerator surrounding tube so that the working medium having a set flow rate that is set based on a temperature of the refrigerator is supplied into the refrigerator surrounding tube.
4. The superconducting magnet apparatus according to claim 3 , further comprising a replenishing unit comprising a storage vessel configured to store the helium gas, a replenishment flow path connecting the storage vessel and the return flow path to each other, and a replenishment valve provided in the replenishment flow path, the replenishing unit being capable of replenishing the return flow path with a working medium in a gaseous state.
5. The superconducting magnet apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the replenishing unit is configured to replenish, when a pressure in the helium tank or the return flow path falls below a threshold value that enables the flow rate adjustment valve to maintain a flow rate of the working medium in the gaseous state supplied into the refrigerator surrounding tube at the set flow rate, the return flow path with the working medium in the gaseous state so that the pressure becomes equal to or higher than the threshold value.