Fiber suspending agent for lost-circulation materials
A treatment fluid comprises: a base fluid; a lost-circulation material, wherein the lost-circulation material inhibits or prevents some or all of the treatment fluid from penetrating into a subterranean formation from a wellbore, wherein the wellbore penetrates the subterranean formation; and a suspending agent, wherein the suspending agent consists of a plurality of fibers, and wherein the suspending agent provides a lost-circulation material distribution of at least 30% for a test treatment fluid consisting essentially of the base fluid, the lost-circulation material, and the suspending agent at the temperature of a lost-circulation zone of the subterranean formation and static aging for at least 1 hour.
1. A system of treating a subterranean formation comprising:
a pump; and
a treatment fluid, wherein the treatment fluid comprises:
a base fluid;
a lost-circulation material, wherein the lost-circulation material inhibits or prevents some or all of the treatment fluid from penetrating into a subterranean formation from a wellbore, wherein the wellbore penetrates the subterranean formation; and
a suspending agent, wherein the suspending agent consists of a plurality of fibers, wherein the fibers have a length to diameter aspect ratio of about 100:1 to about 5000:1, wherein the fibers have a distribution such that at least 90% of the fibers have a length in the range of about 5 to about 25 millimeters; and wherein the suspending agent is in at least a sufficient concentration to provide a lost-circulation material distribution of at least 30% for a test treatment fluid consisting essentially of the base fluid, the lost-circulation material, and the suspending agent at a temperature of a lost-circulation zone of the subterranean formation and after performing static aging for at least 1 hour; and
wherein the pump pumps the treatment fluid into the subterranean formation.
2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the base fluid comprises an aqueous liquid, an aqueous miscible liquid, or a hydrocarbon liquid.
3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the lost-circulation material is in at least a sufficient concentration such that fluid is inhibited or prevented from flowing into the subterranean formation from the wellbore.
4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the lost-circulation material is in a concentration in the range of about 0.5 to about 200 pounds per barrel of the base fluid.
5. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the lost-circulation material is selected from the group consisting of: ground coal; petroleum coke; sized calcium carbonate; asphaltene; perlite; cellophane; cellulose; ground tire material; ground oyster shell; vitrified shale; a plastic material; paper fiber; wood; cement; hardened foamed cement; glass; foamed glass; sand; bauxite; a ceramic material; a polymeric material; ethylene vinyl acetate; a polytetrafluoroethylene material; a nut shell; a seed shell piece; a fruit pit piece; clay; silica; alumina; fumed carbon; carbon black; graphite; mica; titanium oxide; meta-silicate; calcium silicate; kaolin; talc; zirconia; boron; fly ash; a hollow glass microsphere; any composite particle thereof; and any combination thereof.
6. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the lost-circulation material has a particle size distribution such that at least 80% of the lost-circulation material particles have a size in the range from about 2 to about 400 mesh.
7. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the fibers are in dry form or in a liquid suspension.
8. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the fibers are natural, synthetic, biodegradable, biocompatible, or combinations thereof.
9. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the fibers are composed of polypropylene, polyaramid, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, modified cellulose, chitosan, modified chitosan, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), polyhydroxy-alkanoates, polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polyorthoesters, polycarbonates, polyaspartic acid, polyphosphoesters, soya, copolymers thereof, and combinations thereof.
10. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the suspending agent provides a lost-circulation material distribution of at least 40% for the test treatment fluid at the temperature of a lost-circulation zone of the subterranean formation and static aging for at least 1 hour.
11. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the suspending agent is in a concentration in the range of about 0.1 ppb to about 25 ppb of the base fluid.
12. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the treatment fluid further comprises one or more additional ingredients.
13. The system according to claim 12 , wherein the additional ingredients are selected from the group consisting of a viscosifier; a filtration control agent; a shale stabilizer; a weighting agent; a pH buffer; an emulsifier; an emulsifier activator; a dispersion aid; a corrosion inhibitor; an emulsion thinner; an emulsion thickener; a gelling agent; a surfactant; a foaming agent; a gas; a breaker; a biocide; a chelating agent; a scale inhibitor; a gas hydrate inhibitor, a mutual solvent; an oxidizer; a reducer; a friction reducer; a clay stabilizing agent; an oxygen scavenger; and any combination thereof.
14. The system according to claim 13 , wherein the additional ingredients comprise a viscosifier.
15. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the treatment fluid is a drilling fluid, spacer fluid, completion fluid, fracturing fluid, or acidizing fluid.
16. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the treatment fluid is a drilling fluid.
17. The system according to claim 16 , wherein the drilling fluid comprises a weighting agent, wherein the weighting agent is in at least a sufficient concentration such that the drilling fluid has a density in the range of about 9 to about 20 pounds per gallon.
18. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the wellbore is part of a well, and wherein the well is an oil, gas, water production well, a geothermal well, or an injection well.
19. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the lost-circulation material is formed from a combination of one or more types of lost-circulation materials using a consolidating agent.
20. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises a drill string, and wherein the pump is configured to pump the treatment fluid through the drill string.