Cathode active materials having improved particle morphologies
Mixed-metal oxides and lithiated mixed-metal oxides are disclosed that involve compounds according to, respectively, Ni x Mn y Co z Me α O β and Li 1+γ Ni x Mn y Co z Me α O β . In these compounds, Me is selected from B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Ag, In, and combinations thereof; 0≤x≤1; 0≤y≤1; 0≤z<1; x+y+z>0; 0≤α≤0.5; and x+y+α>0. For the mixed-metal oxides, 1≤β≤5. For the lithiated mixed-metal oxides, −0.1≤γ≤1.0 and 1.9≤β≤3. The mixed-metal oxides and the lithiated mixed-metal oxides include particles having an average density greater than or equal to 90% of an ideal crystalline density.
1. A compound according to Formula (I):
( v )[MnO 2 ].(1− v )[Co 1−σ Al σ O 2 ] (I)
wherein
0<σ≤0.05, and
0.01≤v≤0.50.
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein 0<σ≤0.03.
3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein 0<σ≤0.02.
4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein 0<σ≤0.01.
5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein 0.01≤v<0.10.
6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein 0.01≤v<0.05.
7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein 0.01≤v<0.05.
8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein an amount of Al is at least 900 ppm.
9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein an amount of Al is less than or equal to 2000 ppm.
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein an amount of Al is less than or equal to 1500 ppm.
11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein an amount of Al is less than or equal to 1000 ppm.