Process and device of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres adapting to changes in load applied thereto

1. A process of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres, in particular for agricultural use, apt to ensure the adaptation of the footprint of a tyre to changes in the load applied thereto, wherein the process comprises the following steps:

measuring the pressure of the tyre,

measuring the footprint or the deflection of the tyre,

determining a calculated value of the load applied to said tyre, said calculated value of the applied load being determined, in function of said measured value of the footprint or of the deflection and of said measured value of the pressure, by means of a correlation, based on experimental data, of values of pressure, footprint or deflection and applied load,

determining an optimum value of pressure corresponding to said calculated value of the applied load, said optimum value of pressure being determined by means of characteristic tables of said tyre,

determining a calculated value of footprint or of deflection in function of said optimum value of pressure, said calculated value of footprint or of deflection being determined by means of a correlation, based on experimental data, of values of pressure, footprint or deflection and applied load,

if said calculated value of footprint or of deflection is different from respectively said measured value of footprint or of deflection:

modifying the pressure of the tyre to reduce the difference between said measured value of pressure and said optimum value of pressure,

repeating the steps of the process until said measured value of the footprint or of the deflection reaches said calculated value of the footprint or of the deflection.

2. The process of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres according to claim 1 , wherein the process additionally comprises a step of measuring the temperature, the measured values of temperature contributing to the determination of the correlation between values of footprint or of deflection, pressure and load.

3. A device ( 10 ) of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres ( 22 ), in particular for agricultural use, apt to ensure the adaptation of the footprint of a tyre to changes in the load applied thereto, comprising a pressure meter ( 11 ) and a footprint meter or a deflection meter ( 12 ) of a tyre ( 22 ), an electronic management system ( 14 ), connected in input to said pressure meter ( 11 ) and to said footprint meter ( 12 ) or deflection meter, a compressor ( 15 ), actuated by said electronic management system ( 14 ), a release and safety valve ( 17 ), actuated by said electronic management system ( 14 ), and a power supply system ( 16 ), wherein said electronic management system ( 14 ) being configured to:

determining continuously a value of the applied load on said tyre ( 22 ), in function of said measured value of the footprint or of the deflection and of said measured value of the pressure, by means of a correlation, based on experimental data, of values of pressure, footprint or deflection and applied load,

determining an optimum value of pressure corresponding to said calculated value of the applied load, said optimum value of pressure being determined by means of characteristic tables of said tyre,

determining a calculated value of footprint or of deflection in function of said optimum value of pressure, said calculated value of footprint or of deflection being determined by means of a correlation, based on experimental data, of values of pressure, footprint or deflection and applied load, and

if said calculated value of footprint or deflection is different from respectively said measured value of footprint or deflection:

modifying the pressure of the tyre to reduce the difference between said measured value of pressure and said optimum value of pressure,

repeating the steps of the process until when said measured value of the footprint or of the deflection reaches said calculated value of the footprint or of the deflection.

4. The device ( 10 ) of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres ( 22 ) according to claim 3 , wherein said footprint meter comprises:

accelerometers, or

polymeric material having electrical resistance variable according to deformation.

5. The device ( 10 ) of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres ( 22 ) according to claim 3 , wherein said deflection meter comprises:

an extensometer, or

a laser system, or

an infrared system.

6. The device ( 10 ) of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres ( 22 ) according to claim 3 , wherein the device wherein additionally comprises a temperature meter ( 13 ).

7. The device ( 10 ) of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres ( 22 ) according to claim 3 , wherein said power supply system ( 14 ) consists in a battery integral with the hub of the wheel of a vehicle on which said tyre is installed.

8. The device ( 10 ) of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres ( 22 ) according to claim 3 , wherein said power supply system ( 14 ) is apt to get energy directly from the vehicle on which said tyre is installed.

9. The device ( 10 ) of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres ( 22 ) according to claim 8 , wherein said power supply system ( 14 ) is provided with a pair of collectors ( 18 ), one for the negative pole and one for the positive pole, connected by means of sliding contact with as many brushes ( 19 ) as are required to ensure operation of the whole device ( 10 ), in turn electrically connected to the vehicle engine.

10. The device ( 10 ) of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres ( 22 ) according to claim 8 , wherein said power supply system is provided with a three-phase motor, comprising a stator and a rotor, in turn electrically connected to the vehicle.

11. The device ( 10 ) of control and regulation of the pressure of tyres ( 22 ) according to claim 3 , wherein the device is applied to agricultural machines used with heavy loads varying in time, such as harvesters, sprayers, spreaders and trailers.