Energy system with improved efficiency

1. An energy system, comprising:

a power capturing circuit having a power capturing heat transfer fluid and being comprised of a heat exchanger, said heat exchanger having a heat exchanger temperature determined by said power capturing heat transfer fluid;

a power consumption circuit having a power consumption heat transfer fluid;

a means for transferring heat from said heat exchanger to said power consumption circuit, said means for transferring heat being comprised of an intermediate heat transfer fluid and being in a first heat exchange contact with said power capturing circuit and a second heat exchange contact with said power consumption circuit; and

a regulator of said heat exchanger temperature between said heat exchanger and said means for transferring heat,

wherein said heat exchanger temperature corresponds to a phase change of water in ambient air around said heat exchanger, and

wherein said heat exchanger temperature is selected from a group consisting of: a temperature below a temperature corresponding to gas to liquid liquefaction of water vapor contained in said ambient air around said heat exchanger; a temperature below a temperature corresponding to a gas to solid freezing point of water vapor contained in said ambient air around said heat exchanger, and a temperature is below a temperature corresponding to a freezing point of liquid water contained in ambient air around said heat exchanger.

2. The energy system, according to claim 1 ,

wherein power capturing circuit is further comprised of a photovoltaic panel thermally coupled to said heat exchanger, said photovoltaic panel and said heat exchanger forming a hybrid solar panel.

3. The energy system, according to claim 1 ,

wherein said heat exchanger temperature is selected from a group consisting of: a temperature below a temperature corresponding to gas to liquid liquefaction of water vapor contained in said ambient air around said heat exchanger; a temperature below a temperature corresponding to a gas to solid freezing point of water vapor contained in said ambient air around said heat exchanger, a temperature is below a temperature corresponding to a freezing point of liquid water contained in ambient air around said heat exchanger, and a temperature above a temperature corresponding to a solid to liquid melting point of solid water contained in said ambient air around said heat exchanger.

4. The energy system, according to claim 1 ,

wherein said power capturing circuit is further comprised of an energy transfer segment in fluid connection with said heat exchanger, and a circulator in fluid connection with said heat exchanger in series with said energy transfer segment, and

wherein said power capturing heat transfer fluid is in heat exchange contact with said intermediate heat transfer fluid of said means for transferring heat at said energy transfer segment.

5. The energy system, according to claim 4 ,

wherein said power capturing circuit is further comprised of a means to limit temperature of said power capturing heat transfer fluid at an inlet of each energy transfer segment.

6. The energy system, according to claim 5 ,

wherein said power capturing circuit is further comprised of a reversing means for direction of said power capturing heat transfer fluid through said power capturing circuit, and

wherein said direction corresponds to said heat exchanger being a nighttime state or a daytime state.

7. The energy system, according to claim 6 ,

wherein said means to limit is comprised of a first three-way valve having a first inlet connected to a first end of said heat exchanger, a second inlet connected to a second end of said heat exchanger, and a power capturing circuit outlet connected to an inlet E of said energy transfer segment, and

wherein said reversing means is comprised of:

said means to limit; and

a second three-way valve having a power capturing circuit inlet connected to an outlet of said energy transfer segment, a first outlet connected to said first end of said heat exchanger and a second outlet connected to said second end of said heat exchanger.

8. The energy system, according to claim 7 , further comprising:

a driving means for said first three way valve and said second three way valve,

wherein said driving means is comprised of a controller in communication with said first three way valve and said second three way valve,

wherein said power capturing circuit has a first configuration with said first outlet of said second three way valve opened, said second outlet of said second three way valve closed, and said second inlet of said first three way valve closed, said first configuration corresponding to limiting temperature of said power capturing heat transfer fluid at said inlet of said energy transfer segment.

9. The energy system, according to claim 8 ,

wherein said power capturing circuit has a second configuration with said first inlet of said first three way valve opened, said second inlet of said first three way valve closed, and said second outlet of said second three way valve opened, said second configuration corresponding to reversing direction of said power capturing heat transfer fluid in said power capturing circuit.

10. The energy system, according to claim 8 ,

wherein said power capturing circuit has a third configuration with said first inlet of said first three way valve closed, said second inlet of said first three way valve opened, and said second outlet of said second three way valve closed, said third configuration corresponding to reversing direction of said power capturing heat transfer fluid in said power capturing circuit.

11. The energy system, according to claim 4 ,

wherein said means for transferring heat from said heat exchanger to said power consumption circuit is further comprised of a heat transfer circuit, said intermediate heat transfer fluid flowing through said heat transfer circuit,

wherein said heat transfer circuit comprises:

a main receiving segment thermally coupled to said energy transfer segment, said main receiving segment and said energy transfer segment forming a main evaporator, said power capturing heat transfer fluid being in said first heat exchange contact with said intermediate heat transfer fluid at said main evaporator;

a compressor in fluid connection with said main receiving segment, having an entry end and an exit end, said intermediate heat transfer fluid being compressed intermediate heat transfer fluid at said exit end;

a main transfer segment being in fluid connection with said exit end of said compressor and having a first main transfer outlet and a second main transfer outlet;

a main expansion valve in fluid connection with said main transfer segment and said main receiving segment, said compressed intermediate heat transfer fluid from said main transfer segment being expanded to said intermediate heat transfer fluid again after said main expansion valve, said intermediate heat transfer fluid again being in fluid connection with said main receiving segment; and

a vapor-injecting means in fluid connection between said main transfer segment and said main expansion valve,

wherein said first main transfer outlet being in fluid connection with said main expansion valve contains a first part of said compressed intermediate heat transfer fluid,

wherein said second main transfer outlet being in fluid connection with said compressor contains a second part of said compressed intermediate heat transfer fluid, and

wherein said first part is in heat exchange contact with said second part so as to vaporize said second part to a vaporized fluid, said vaporized fluid being in fluid connection back to said compressor.

12. The energy system, according to claim 11 ,

wherein said vapor-injecting means comprises:

a secondary receiving segment in fluid connection between said first main transfer outlet of said main transfer segment and said main expansion valve;

a secondary expansion valve in fluid connection with said second main transfer outlet of said main transfer segment; and

a secondary transfer segment in fluid connection between said secondary expansion valve and said compressor, said secondary transfer segment being thermally coupled to said secondary receiving segment, said secondary transfer segment and said secondary receiving segment forming a second evaporator, said first part being in heat exchange contact with said second part at said second evaporator,

wherein said secondary transfer segment has a secondary transfer outlet in fluid connection with an injection inlet of said compressor.

13. The energy system, according to claim 11 , further comprising:

a controller in communication with said compressor and said circulator,

wherein said compressor has a variable speed determined by said controller, said variable speed corresponding to said heat exchanger temperature, said power capturing heat transfer fluid through said circulator, and said power consumption heat transfer fluid.

14. The energy system, according to claim 11 ,

wherein said power consumption circuit comprises:

a receiving section thermally coupled to said main transfer segment, said receiving section and said main transfer segment forming a condenser, said intermediate heat transfer fluid being in heat exchange contact with said power consumption heat transfer fluid at said condenser; and

a heat consuming means in fluid connection with said receiving section.

15. The energy system, according to claim 14 ,

wherein said power consumption circuit comprises:

an additional receiving section thermally coupled to said main transfer segment, said additional receiving section and said main transfer segment forming an additional condenser, said intermediate heat transfer fluid being in heat exchange contact with said power consumption heat transfer fluid at said additional condenser; and

an additional heat consuming means in fluid connection with said additional receiving section, said additional heat consuming means being a production circuit with a production fluid and a turbine so as to produce electrical energy from said production fluid through said production circuit.