Electrical insulation system for medium- and high-voltage electrical switchgear
The present invention relates to an electrical insulation system having a low environmental impact comprising two fundamental elements: a) a gaseous medium formed by one or more highly fluorinated fluoroketones having between 4 and 12 carbons, at least another additional dielectric gas, other than the fluoroketones, with a vapor pressure greater than 500 mbar and less than 15000 mbar at 0° C., such as fluoronitrile (CF 3 ) 2 CF—CN, for example, and one or more vector gases; and b) a molecular sieve capable of discriminating water molecules from molecules of other gases present in the gaseous medium of the system. The invention also relates to the use of the insulation system and to the medium- or high-voltage electrical switchgear comprising a complete enclosure in which there are arranged live electrical components and an electrical insulation system according to the invention.
1. An electrical insulation system for medium- or high-voltage electrical switchgear having a low environmental impact, the electrical insulation system comprising:
a) a gaseous medium not containing CO 2 , the gaseous medium comprising a mixture of:
one or more fluoroketones having between 4 and 12 carbons;
at least another additional dielectric gas, other than the fluoroketones, with a vapor pressure greater than 500 mbar and less than 15000 mbar at 0° C.; and
one or more vector gases selected from N 2 , O 2 , dry air, helium or mixtures thereof; and
b) a molecular sieve with a pore size of 3 to 4 Å and a polar surface.
2. The electrical insulation system according to claim 1 , where the gaseous medium comprises a fluoroketone having 4 to 12 carbons, a fluoronitrile with a vapor pressure greater than 500 mbar and less than 15000 mbar at 0° C. as the additional dielectric gas, and one or more vector gases.
3. The electrical insulation system according to claim 2 , where the gaseous medium comprises a fluoroketone having 5 or 6 carbons, a fluoronitrile with a vapor pressure greater than 500 mbar and less than 15000 mbar at 0° C. as the additional dielectric gas, and one or more vector gases.
4. The electrical insulation system according to claim 3 , where the fluoroketone is (CF 3 ) 2 —CF—CO—CF 3 and the fluoronitrile is (CF 3 ) 2 —CF—CN.
5. The electrical insulation system according to claim 1 , where the gaseous medium comprises two fluoroketones having 4 to 12 carbons, a fluoronitrile with a vapor pressure greater than 500 mbar and less than 15000 mbar at 0° C. as the additional dielectric gas, and one or more vector gases.
6. The electrical insulation system according to claim 5 , where the gaseous medium comprises two fluoroketones having 5 or 6 carbons, a fluoronitrile with a vapor pressure greater than 500 mbar and less than 15000 mbar at 0° C. as the additional dielectric gas, and one or more vector gases.
7. The electrical insulation system according to claim 6 , where the two fluoroketones are (CF 3 ) 2 —CF—CO—CF 3 and (CF 3 ) 2 —CF—CO—CF 2 —CF 3 , and where the fluoronitrile is (CF 3 ) 2 —CF—CN.
8. The electrical insulation system according to claim 1 , where the molar fraction of the fluoroketone or fluoroketones and of the additional dielectric gas, other than the fluoroketones, with a vapor pressure greater than 500 mbar and less than 15000 mbar at 0° C. in the gaseous mixture is at least 1% or at least 2% or at least 5% or at least 10% or at least 15%.
9. The electrical insulation system according to claim 1 , where the molecular sieve is selected from natural zeolites or synthetic zeolites.
10. The electrical insulation system according to claim 9 , where the zeolite has structure A.
11. A method for electrical insulation and/or for quenching electric arcs in high- and medium-voltage electrical switchgear, the method comprising introducing the electrical insulation system according to claim 1 in a leak-tight complete enclosure in which the elements of the medium- or high-voltage electrical switchgear to be insulated are located.
12. A medium- or high-voltage electrical switchgear comprising a complete enclosure in which there are arranged live electrical components and an electrical insulation system according to claim 1 .
13. The medium- or high-voltage electrical switchgear according to claim 12 , where the medium- or high-voltage electrical switchgear can be electric power distribution switchgear in grids of up to 72 kV.