Negative electrode active material for rechargeable lithium battery, method for preparing the same, and negative electrode and rechargeable lithium battery including same
A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a carbon-based active material including highly crystalline natural graphite and artificial graphite. The carbon-based active material has a peak intensity ratio (P2/P4) of about 0.3 to about 0.4, wherein P2 refers to the 101 peak of a rhombohedral crystal grain and P4 refers to the 101 peak of a hexagonal crystal grain, as measured by X-ray diffraction.
1. A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, comprising:
a carbon-based active material including highly crystalline natural graphite and artificial graphite,
wherein the carbon-based active material has a peak intensity ratio (P2/P4) of 0.3 to 0.4,
wherein P2 refers to a (101) peak intensity of a rhombohedral crystal grain and P4 refers to a (101) peak intensity of a hexagonal crystal grain, as measured by X-ray diffraction,
wherein the carbon-based active material has a Raman R value (I D /I G ) of 0.21≤I D /I G ≤0.24, and
wherein the carbon-based active material has a peak intensity ratio (P2/P1) of about 0.43 to about 0.55, wherein P1 refers to a (100) peak intensity of a hexagonal crystal grain, as measured by X-ray diffraction,
wherein the carbon-based active material comprises the highly crystalline natural graphite and the artificial graphite in a weight ratio of about 10:90 about 50:50, and
the highly crystalline natural graphite has no pitch-coating.
2. The negative active material of claim 1 , wherein the carbon-based active material has a peak intensity ratio (P3/P4) of about 0.18 to about 0.26, wherein P3 refers to a (012) peak intensity of a rhombohedral crystal grain, as measured by X-ray diffraction.
3. The negative active material of claim 1 , wherein the highly crystalline natural graphite has a Raman R value (I D /I G ) of 0.05≤I D /I G ≤0.08.
4. The negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery of claim 1 , wherein the negative active material further comprises a silicon-based active material.
5. The negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery of claim 4 , wherein the silicon-based active material is present in an amount of about 0.05 wt % to about 5 wt % based on the total amount of the negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery.
6. A rechargeable lithium battery comprising:
a current collector;
a negative electrode including the negative active material of claim 1 ;
a positive electrode; and
an electrolyte.
7. The rechargeable lithium battery of claim 6 , wherein the negative electrode has an active material layer density of greater than or equal to about 1.7 g/cc.
8. The negative active material of claim 1 , wherein the highly crystalline natural graphite is a heat-treated, surface oxidized spherical natural graphite without a pitch coating.