Deriving power output from an energy harvester
Apparatuses, methods and storage medium associated with deriving power output from an energy harvester are disclosed herein. In embodiments, an apparatus may include one or more processors, devices, and/or circuitry to identify a plurality of times at which an intermediate voltage of a two stage power conversion circuit corresponds to a voltage reference, and ascertain an amount of time between one of the identified times and another one of the identified times. The one or more processors, devices, and/or circuitry may derive a power or current value associated with the second power supply using the amount of time.
1. A system, comprising:
a voltage regulation circuit to receive one or more first power supplies from one or more energy harvester sources and to generate an intermediate voltage, the voltage regulation circuit having one or more input terminals coupled to the one or more first power supplies;
a switched capacitor charge pump to receive the intermediate voltage and to generate a second power supply; and
power management circuitry including:
a comparator to identify a plurality of times at which the intermediate voltage corresponds to a voltage reference;
a time tracking component to ascertain an amount of time between one of the identified times and another one of the identified times; and
a processor to:
derive a power or current value associated with the second power supply using the amount of time; and
output the derived power or current value or store the derived power or current value in a memory device.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the time tracking component of the power management circuitry includes a digital counter.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the power management circuitry includes a pulse width modulator to receive an output of the digital counter.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the time tracking component includes an analog circuit component, the time tracking component to ascertain the amount of time using the analog circuit component.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the analog circuit component includes at least one of an analog integration sawtooth charge pump or a voltage-controlled oscillator.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the identified times correspond to different switching cycles of the switched capacitor charge pump.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the identified times include a beginning of a charging of a capacitor of the switched capacitor charge pump and an end of a different charging of the capacitor.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ascertained amount of time corresponds to an amount of time between a discharge of a capacitor of the switched capacitor charge pump and a time of a subsequent discharge of the capacitor.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the time tracking component is to:
initiate a digital counter at a time corresponding to a discharge of a capacitor of the switched capacitor charge pump;
read a count of the digital counter at a time corresponding to the latter of two next discharges of the capacitor; and
ascertain the amount of time based on said count.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein a frequency of operation of the voltage regulation circuit is greater than a frequency of operation of the switched capacitor charge pump.
11. A method, comprising:
identifying, by a comparator, a plurality of times at which an intermediate voltage corresponds to a voltage reference, the intermediate voltage corresponding to a node between a plurality of stages of a plural-stage power conversion circuit;
ascertaining, by a time tracking component, an amount of time between one of the identified times and another one of the identified times;
deriving, by a processor, a power or current value at one or more outputs of one or more energy harvester sources using a result of the ascertainment; and
outputting, by the processor, the derived power or current value or storing the derived power or current value in a memory device.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
initiating, by the time tracking component, a count at a time corresponding to a discharge of a capacitor of a switched capacitor charge pump; and
reading, by the time tracking component, a value of the count at a time corresponding to the latter of two next discharges of the capacitor; and
ascertaining, by the time tracking component, the amount of time based on said read value.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the derived power or current value represents an indirect measurement of an electrical characteristic of the output of the one or more energy harvester sources.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the measurement is obtained without sensing the electrical characteristic.
15. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
acquiring energy from the one or more energy harvester sources;
converting the acquired energy into one or more power supplies; and
powering an input of a first stage of the plural-stage power conversion circuit using the one or more of power supplies;
wherein the one or more energy harvester sources includes at least one of a photovoltaic (PV) cell, a thermoelectric generator (TEG), a radio frequency (RF) device, or a piezoelectric material.