Pyrolytic furnace, water gas generation system, and combustion gas supply method for water gas generation system
Provided is a carbonizing furnace capable of improving combustion efficiency of combustible gas generated by combustion of organic waste and of improving carbonization efficiency of organic waste by appropriately controlling the temperature of carbide. Provided is a pyrolytic furnace in which heating gas can be suppressed from outflowing to the outside from a gap between the upper surface of the body part of the pyrolytic furnace and the outer circumferential surface of a reaction tube where a pyrolysis reaction between carbide and a gasification agent is caused, and in which the temperature of a region where the pyrolysis reaction is caused can be suppressed from being reduced. Provided is a water gas generation system which improves thermal efficiency without using a dedicated heat source for generating water steam to be used as a gasification agent for carbide, promotes a pyrolysis reaction, and thereby, achieves the excellent heat efficiency. Provided are a hydrogen gas generation system and a power generation system which use water gas generated by a water gas generation system including a carbonizing furnace and a pyrolytic furnace and which have excellent productivity. Provided is a carbonizing furnace which improves combustion efficiency by controlling the supply amount of air being supplied to the carbonizing furnace according to the temperature of combustion gas in the carbonizing furnace, and which improves carbonization efficiency by controlling the discharge amount of carbide to be discharged to the outside according to the temperature of carbide or the deposit amount of organic waste in the carbonizing furnace, to make the temperature of carbide appropriate, and by controlling the temperature of air being supplied to the carbonizing furnace. In addition, provided is a pyrolytic furnace which blocks outflow of heating gas or water gas by providing seal portions at the attachment positions of a body part, a reaction tube, and a water gas outlet part, etc. of the pyrolytic furnace, and which maintains a pyrolysis reaction temperature by providing a pyrolysis promoting mechanism to the reaction tube. Provided is a water gas generation system which has excellent thermal efficiency and in which a combustion gas flow path is formed so as to allow combustion gas generated by a carbonizing furnace to flow through a carbonizing furnace, a pyrolytic furnace, a steam superheater, a steam generator, a dryer, and the like. Provided is a hydrogen gas generation system or a power generation system formed by combining the water gas generation system with a hydrogen purifying apparatus or a power generation equipment.
1. A water gas generation system comprising:
a carbonizing furnace that generates carbide and combustion gas by partial combustion of organic waste;
a pyrolytic furnace that generates water gas by heating, with the combustion gas, water steam and the carbide generated by the carbonizing furnace;
a steam generator that generates the water steam by heating water with the combustion gas;
a steam superheater that superheats, with the combustion gas, the water steam generated by the steam generator and that supplies the superheated water steam to the pyrolytic furnace;
a dryer that dries the organic waste with the combustion gas and that supplies the dried organic waste to the carbonizing furnace; and
a combustion gas flow path through which the combustion gas generated by the carbonizing furnace is supplied to the pyrolytic furnace, the combustion gas discharged from the pyrolytic furnace is supplied to the steam superheater, the combustion gas discharged from the steam superheater is supplied to the steam generator, and the combustion gas discharged from the steam generator is supplied to the dryer.
2. The water gas generation system according to claim 1 , further comprising
a char recovery apparatus which recoveries the carbide that is unreacted but discharged from the water gas outlet portion of the pyrolytic furnace, and supplies the unreacted carbide again to the pyrolytic furnace.
3. The water gas generation system according to claim 1 , wherein
the combustion gas discharged from the dryer is supplied through the combustion gas flow path to an exhaust gas cooling/cleaning apparatus that removes harmful substance from the combustion gas discharged from the dryer, to detoxify the combustion gas.
4. A combustion gas supply method for a water gas generation system including a carbonizing furnace that generates carbide and combustion gas by partial combustion of organic waste, a pyrolytic furnace that generates water gas by heating, with the combustion gas, water steam and the carbide generated by the carbonizing furnace, a steam generator that generates the water steam by heating water with the combustion gas, a steam superheater that superheats, with the combustion gas, the water steam generated by the steam generator and that supplies the superheated water steam to the pyrolytic furnace, and a dryer that dries the organic waste with the combustion gas and that supplies the dried organic waste to the carbonizing furnace, the combustion gas supply method comprising:
a first step of supplying the combustion gas generated by the carbonizing furnace to the pyrolytic furnace;
a second step of supplying the combustion gas discharged from the pyrolytic furnace to the steam superheater;
a third step of supplying the combustion gas discharged from the steam superheater to the steam generator; and
a fourth step of supplying the combustion gas discharged from the steam generator to the dryer.
5. The combustion gas supply method for the water gas generation system according to claim 4 , further comprising
a fifth step of supplying the combustion gas discharged from the dryer to an exhaust gas cooling/cleaning apparatus.
6. The water gas generation system according to claim 1 , wherein
the pyrolytic furnace comprises:
a body part that is formed into a cylindrical shape extending along the axial line thereof;
a reaction tube that is formed into a cylindrical shape extending along the axial line, the reaction tube having an outer circumferential surface which forms, between the inner circumferential surface of the body part and the outer circumferential surface of the reaction tube, a heating gas flow path for circulating the combustion gas therethrough, and the reaction tube having an upper end protruding from the upper surface of the body part;
a supply portion through which carbide and a gasification agent are supplied into the reaction tube in order to generate water gas in the reaction tube;
a heating gas supply portion which is disposed in an upper portion of the body part and through which the combustion gas is supplied to the heating gas flow path;
a water gas outlet portion which is attached in the lower end of the reaction tube and through which water gas generated by a pyrolysis reaction of the carbide in the reaction tube is guided to outside;
a heating gas discharge portion which is disposed in a lower portion of the body part and through which the combustion gas is discharged from the heating gas flow path;
a first seal portion that is disposed below the upper surface of the body part so as to be in contact with the upper surface, that has an inner circumferential surface in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the reaction tube, and that blocks outflow of the combustion gas from the upper surface of the body part;
a second seal portion that is disposed above the bottom surface of the body part so as to be in contact with the bottom surface from which the lower end of the reaction tube protrudes, that has an inner circumferential surface in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the reaction tube, and that blocks outflow of the combustion gas from the bottom surface of the body part; and
a third seal portion that has an inner circumferential surface in contact, at an attachment position of the lower end of the reaction tube and the water gas outlet portion, with the outer circumferential surface of the reaction tube and with the outer circumferential surface of the water gas outlet portion, and that blocks outflow of the water gas from the attachment position.
7. The water gas generation system according to claim 6 , wherein
the pyrolytic furnace further comprises:
a fourth seal portion that is disposed between an upper plate forming the upper surface of the body part and a first flange portion provided at the upper end of the lateral surface of the body part and that blocks outflow of the combustion gas, the upper plate and the first flange portion being fastened to each other with fastening members at a plurality of positions around the axial line,
a fifth seal portion that is disposed between a bottom plate forming the bottom surface of the body part and a second flange portion provided at the lower end of the lateral surface of the body part and that blocks outflow of the combustion gas, the bottom plate and the second flange portion being fastened to each other with fastening members at a plurality of positions around the axial line, and
a sixth seal portion that is disposed between a third flange portion provided at the upper end of the reaction tube and a fourth flange portion provided at the lower end of the supply unit and that blocks outflow of the water gas, the third flange portion and the fourth flange portion being fastened to each other with fastening members at a plurality of positions around the axial line.
8. The water gas generation system according to claim 6 , wherein
the reaction tube includes
a cylindrical member that is formed into a cylindrical shape extending along the axial line; and
a pyrolysis promoting mechanism that is accommodated in the cylindrical member and that promotes a pyrolysis reaction between the carbide and the gasification agent by guiding, in a stepwise manner from the upper end side to the lower end side of the cylindrical member, the carbide supplied from the upper end of the reaction tube.
9. The water gas generation system according to claim 8 , wherein
the pyrolysis promoting mechanism comprises:
a plurality of first inclined plates each forming a first inclined surface which is inclined so as to guide the carbide from one end of the inner circumferential surface of the reaction tube to a first opening portion provided in the other end of the reaction tube;
a plurality of second inclined plates each forming a second inclined surface which is inclined so as to guide, from the other end to a second opening portion provided in the one end, the carbide downwardly fallen from the first opening portion by the first inclined plates; and
a holding part that holds the plurality of first inclined plates and the plurality of second inclined plates such that the first inclined plates and the second inclined plates are alternately disposed along the axial line.
10. The water gas generation system according to claim 9 , wherein
the holding part has a bar-like member extending along the axial line, and
the plurality of first inclined plates and the plurality of second inclined plates are held, at a plurality of positions arranged along the axial line, by the bar-like member.
11. The water gas generation system according to claim 8 , wherein
the pyrolysis promoting mechanism is attachable/detachable to/from the cylindrical member.