Wedge shaped cells in a wireless communication system
Aspects described herein relate to a network for providing air-to-ground wireless communication in various cells. The network includes a first base station array, each base station of which includes a respective first antenna array defining a directional radiation pattern that is oriented in a first direction, wherein each base station of the first base station array is disposed spaced apart from another base station of the first base station array along the first direction by a first distance. The network also includes a similar second base station array where the second base station array extends substantially parallel to the first base station array and is spaced apart from the first base station array by a second distance to form continuous and at least partially overlapping cell coverage areas between respective base stations of the first and second base station arrays.
1. A network for providing air-to-ground (ATG) wireless communication in various cells, comprising:
a first base station including a first antenna array defining a first directional radiation pattern that is oriented toward a horizon; and
a second base station including second antenna array defining a second directional radiation pattern that at least partially overlaps with the first base station and is oriented toward the horizon,
wherein the first and second base stations are each configured to wirelessly communicate with a radio disposed on an aircraft flying through a first cell coverage areas of the first base station and a second cell coverage area of the second base station, and
wherein the first and second cell coverage areas are configured to define, for each of a plurality of geographic locations, altitude bands for which a different one of the first base station or the second base station provides connectivity to the radio.
2. The network of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first directional radiation pattern or the second direction radiation pattern defines a substantially wedge shaped radiation pattern.
3. The network of claim 2 , wherein the first and second directional radiation patterns overlap each other to provide continuous coverage up to a predetermined altitude.
4. The network of claim 3 , wherein coverage up to the predetermined altitude immediately above the first base station is provided by the second base station.
5. The network of claim 4 , wherein the predetermined altitude is about 45,000 feet.
6. The network of claim 1 , wherein the first and second cell coverage areas are configured to conduct a handover between the first base station and the second base station responsive to a change in altitude of the aircraft between the altitude bands.
7. The network of claim 1 , wherein the altitude bands change based on distance from a respective one of the first and second base stations.
8. The network of claim 1 , wherein the first directional radiation pattern and the second direction radiation pattern each increase in vertical beamwidth as distance from the first and second base station, respectively, increases.
9. The network of claim 8 , wherein each of the first directional radiation pattern and the second direction radiation pattern form semicircular radiation patterns.
10. The network of claim 1 , wherein the first antenna array and the second antenna array each include six sectors of about thirty degrees.
11. The network of claim 10 , wherein adjacent sectors of the first antenna array employ alternating channels and adjacent sectors of the second antenna array employ alternating channels.
12. The network of claim 11 , wherein the alternating channels of the first antenna array are the same channels as the alternating channels of the second antenna array to enable frequency reuse between the first and second base stations.
13. The network of claim 1 , wherein the first and second directional radiation patterns overlap each other and one or more additional radiation patterns associated with a corresponding one or more base stations to provide continuous coverage up to a predetermined altitude.
14. The network of claim 13 , wherein a number of the altitude bands above a given location is equal to the number of overlapping coverage areas defined at the given location.
15. The network of claim 4 , wherein the first and second base stations are aligned with each other along a cardinal direction.
16. A radio on an aircraft operating in an air-to-ground (ATG) wireless communication network, the radio comprising control circuitry configured to communicate wirelessly with:
a first base station including a first antenna array defining a first directional radiation pattern that is oriented toward a horizon; and
a second base station including second antenna array defining a second directional radiation pattern that at least partially overlaps with the first base station and is oriented toward the horizon,
wherein the control circuitry is configured to determine an altitude of the aircraft and request a handover between the first and second base stations based on the determined altitude.