Mobile device having quantum cryptographic security function for mobile commerce, and authentication method

1. A mobile communication device, comprising:

a quantum signal generator configured to generate a series of first quantum signals by using a first quantum filter;

an optical transmitter configured to send the series of first quantum signals to a relay, the series of first quantum signals passing through a first quantum channel between the mobile device and the relay, and at least a part of the series of first quantum signals passing through a second quantum channel between the relay and a server and reaching the server,

wherein a series of second quantum signals is generated such that the at least the part of the series of first quantum signals pass through a second quantum filter at the relay and transferred to the server via the second quantum channel,

wherein information of the first quantum filter and the second quantum filter are transferred together to the server via a non-quantum channel, and

wherein a series of third quantum signals is generated such that at least a part of the series of second quantum signals pass through a third quantum filter at the server; and

a processor configured to:

select the first quantum filter based on a series of randomly generated first quantum states;

control the quantum signal generator to generate the series of first quantum signals by using the first quantum filter;

randomly generate the series of first quantum states based on random numbers;

receive information of the second quantum filter from the relay and receive information of the third quantum filter from the server;

generate a first secret key in conjunction with the relay and the server by applying the information of the first quantum filter, the information of the second quantum filter, and the information of the third quantum filter to the series of first quantum signals; and

perform user authentication in conjunction with the relay and the server by using the first secret key, wherein the first secret key is the same as a second secret key generated by the relay applying the information of the first quantum filter, the second quantum filter, and the third quantum filter to the series of second quantum signals, and wherein the first secret key is the same as a third secret key generated by the server applying the information of the first quantum filter, the second quantum filter, and the third quantum filter to the series of third quantum signals.

2. The mobile communication device of claim 1 , wherein the mobile communication device is at least one of a mobile phone or a personal data assistant (PDA).

3. The mobile communication device of claim 1 , wherein the optical transmitter is further configured to send the series of first quantum signals to the relay by using a free-space optical communication.

4. The mobile communication device of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:

generate a series of secret keys based on a series of second quantum states randomly generated by the random number generator; and

determine the quantum signal values of the series of first quantum signals based on the series of secret keys.

5. The mobile communication device of claim 1 , wherein the random number generator is further configured to randomly generate the quantum states by using a random number generator (RNG) including a quantum random number generator (QRNG).

6. A mobile communication device, comprising:

a quantum signal generator configured to generate a series of first quantum signals by using a first quantum filter;

an optical transmitter configured to send the series of first quantum signals to a relay, the series of first quantum signals passing through a first quantum channel between the mobile device and the relay, and at least a part of the series of first quantum signals passing through a second quantum channel between the relay and a server and reaching the server,

wherein a series of second quantum signals is generated such that the at least the part of the series of first quantum signals pass through a second quantum filter at the relay and transferred to the server via the second quantum channel,

wherein information of the second filter is generated at the server and is transferred to the relay via a non-quantum channel, and

wherein at least a part of the series of first quantum signals directly passes through the second quantum channel and reaches the server; and

a processor configured to:

select the first quantum filter based on a series of randomly generated first quantum states;

control the quantum signal generator to generate the series of first quantum signals by using the first through the second quantum filter;

randomly generate the series of first quantum states based on random numbers;

receive information of the second quantum filter from the relay or the server via the non-quantum channel;

send information of the first quantum filter to the relay via the non-quantum channel;

generate a secret key in conjunction with the relay based on the information of the first quantum filter and the information of the second quantum filter; and

perform user authentication in conjunction with the relay by using the secret key.

7. The mobile communication device of claim 6 , wherein the mobile communication device is at least one of a mobile phone or a personal data assistant (PDA).

8. The mobile communication device of claim 6 , wherein the optical transmitter is further configured to send the series of first quantum signals to the relay by using a free-space optical communication.

9. A quantum cryptography authentication method for a mobile communication device, the method comprising:

generating, by a quantum signal generator, a series of first quantum signals by using a first quantum filter;

transmitting, by an optical transmitter, the series of first quantum signals to a relay, the series of first quantum signals passing through a first quantum channel between the mobile device and the relay, and at least a part of the series of first quantum signals passing through a second quantum channel between the relay and a server and reaching the server,

wherein a series of second quantum signals is generated such that the at least the part of the series of first quantum signals pass through a second quantum filter at the relay and transferred to the server via the second quantum channel,

wherein information of the first quantum filter and the second quantum filter are transferred together to the server via a non-quantum channel, and

wherein a series of third quantum signals is generated such that at least a part the series of second quantum signals pass through a third quantum filter at the server; and

selecting, by a processor, the first quantum filter based on a series of randomly generated first quantum states; and

controlling, by the processor, the quantum signal generator to generate the series of first quantum signals by using the first quantum filter,

wherein the controlling comprises:

randomly generating the series of first quantum states based on random numbers;

receiving information of the second quantum filter from the relay and receiving information of the third quantum filter from the server,

generating a first secret key in conjunction with the relay and the server by applying the information of the first quantum filter, the information of the second quantum filter, and the information of the third quantum filter to the series of first quantum signals; and

performing user authentication in conjunction with the relay and the server by using the first secret key, wherein the first secret key is the same as a second secret key generated by the relay applying the information of the first quantum filter, the second quantum filter, and the third quantum filter to the series of second quantum signals, and wherein the first secret key is the same as a third secret key generated by the server applying the information of the first quantum filter, the second quantum filter, and the third quantum filter to the series of third quantum signals.

10. The quantum cryptography authentication method of claim 9 , wherein the mobile communication device is at least one of a mobile phone or a personal data assistant (PDA).

11. The quantum cryptography authentication method of claim 9 , wherein the transmitting the series of first quantum signals comprises transmitting the series of first quantum signals to the relay by using a free-space optical communication.

12. The quantum cryptography authentication method of claim 9 , wherein:

the generating the first secret key and the generating the second comprise generating a series of secret keys based on a series of second quantum states randomly generated based on the random numbers; and

the controlling comprises determining quantum signal values of the series of first quantum signals based on the series of secret keys.

13. The quantum cryptography authentication method of claim 9 , wherein the randomly generating comprises randomly generating the quantum states by using a random number generator (RNG) including a quantum random number generator (QRNG).

14. A quantum cryptography authentication method for a mobile communication device, the method comprising:

generating, by a quantum signal generator, a series of first quantum signals by using a first quantum filter;

transmitting, by an optical transmitter, the series of first quantum signals to a relay, the series of first quantum signals passing through a first quantum channel between the mobile device and the relay, and at least a part of the series of first quantum signals passing through a second quantum channel between the relay and a server and reaching the server;

wherein a series of second quantum signals is generated such that the at least the part of the series of first quantum signals pass through a second quantum filter at the relay and transferred to the server via the second quantum channel,

wherein information of the second filter is generated at the server and is transferred to the relay via a non-quantum channel, and

wherein at least of a part of the series of first quantum signals directly passes through the second quantum channel and reaches the server;

selecting, by a processor, the first quantum filter based on a series of randomly generated first quantum states; and

controlling the quantum signal generator to generate the series of first quantum signals by using the first quantum filter,

wherein the controlling comprises:

randomly generating the series of first quantum states based on random numbers;

receiving information of the second quantum filter from the relay or the server via the non-quantum channel;

sending information of the first quantum filter to the relay via the non-quantum channel;

generating a secret key in conjunction with the relay based on the information of the first quantum filter and the information of the second quantum filter; and

performing user authentication in conjunction with the relay by using the secret key.

15. The quantum cryptography authentication method of claim 14 , wherein the mobile communication device is at least one of a mobile phone or a personal data assistant (PDA).

16. The quantum cryptography authentication method of claim 14 , wherein the transmitting the series of first quantum signals to the relay comprises transmitting the series of first quantum signals to the relay by using a free-space optical communication.