Contactor and separation apparatus and process of using same
An improved contactor/separator process is presented where one or more stages of contact and separation is achieved by providing one or more shroud and disengagement device combinations within a vessel, where the disengagement device is connected to the top of the shroud that contains vertically hanging fibers. A liquid admixture of immiscible fluids is directed co-currently upward through the shroud at flooding velocity or greater, where all of the admixture exits the disengagement device through a coalescing material. Tray supports are used to stack additional shroud and disengagement combinations vertically within the vessel. Each tray allows less dense liquids exiting one disengagement device from a lower shroud and disengagement device combination to enter the bottom of a shroud of a shroud and disengagement device combination position vertically above the lower shroud and disengagement device combination.
1. An apparatus for contacting at least two immiscible liquids, comprising, in combination,
a) a vessel having an interior space and a vertical axis;
b) a shroud positioned vertically within the interior space parallel to the vertical axis, where the shroud comprises a length defined by a non-porous wall extending from the bottom end to a top end and where a bundle of fibers hangs vertically within the shroud parallel to the vertical axis, and where the non-porous wall contains and forces liquids introduced into the shroud to flow vertically upward to contact the fibers;
c) a feed inlet positioned adjacent the bottom end of the shroud;
d) a disengagement device connected to the top end of the shroud comprising,
a porous structure surrounding and enclosing the fibers, where the porous structure extends vertically from the top end of the shroud; and
a closed cover that forces all the liquids flowing in the disengagement device to exit the disengagement device by passing through the porous structure; and
e) a settling zone surrounding the shroud within the interior space of the vessel, where separated fluid in a bottom portion of the settling zone is not in liquid communication with the liquids flowing up flow within the shroud.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 where the porous structure comprises a coalescing material.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 where coalescing material positioned within into a supporting envelope having one or more openings.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 where the supporting envelope comprises an annulus having inner and outer walls each having one or more openings and the coalescing material is positioned between the inner and outer walls adjacent to the one or more openings.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 where the coalescing material is selected from the group consisting of wire grid, porous metal wall, open-celled sponge, woven wire screen, knitted wire mesh, woven or non-woven fibrous material of metal, polymer resins or combinations of metal and polymer.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 where the coalescing material has an installed density of from about 15 to about 30 lb/ft3.
7. The apparatus of claim 4 where the coalescing material has a volumetric void fraction of from about 90% to about 99%.
8. The apparatus of claim 5 where the one or more openings represent at least a 50% open area of the disengagement device.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 where the vessel further comprises a second shroud and a second disengagement device supported on a tray positioned vertically above the disengagement device, where the tray has an opening that directs fluid from an upper part of the settling zone into the second shroud, where the second shroud comprises a second bundle of fibers and the second disengagement device is connected to a top end of the second shroud and comprises a second coalescing material and a second closed cover that forces all the liquids flowing in the second disengagement device to exit the second disengagement device by passing through the second coalescing material.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 where liquid collected on the tray outside of the shroud is in fluid communication with the feed inlet of the lower stage.
11. The apparatus of claim 9 where a distributor is within the opening in the tray to allow formation of an admixture of the fluid from an upper part of the settling zone and fluid admitted through the distributor such that the admixture is directed up flow into the second shroud.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 in which the diameter of the second shroud is sized so that the fluid velocity through the shroud is above the flooding velocity.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 in which the diameter of the opening in the tray is sized to be less than 50% of the diameter of the second shroud.