Polybutadiene polymers and rubber compositions incorporating same for low temperature applications
Embodiments of 1,4-polybutadiene rubber compositions useful at low temperatures are provided, wherein the 1,4-polybutadiene incorporated therein comprises a cis content of at least 85 to about 92%, a vinyl content of at about 1% to about 5%, and a trans content of about 3 to about 12%, and wherein the 1,4-polybutadiene has an enthalpy of melting ΔH m of about 5 to about 25 J/g° C. as measured via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
1. A polymer comprising:
1,4-polybutadiene having a cis content of at least 85 to about 92%, a vinyl content of at about 1% to about 5%, and a trans content of about 3 to about 12%,
wherein the polymer has an enthalpy of melting ΔH m of about 5 to about 25 J/g° C. as measured via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
2. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the cis content is about 85% to about 90%, the vinyl content is about 1 to about 3%, and the trans content is about 5 to about 10%.
3. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the 1,4-polybutadiene has a melting temperature (T m ) from about −20° C. to about −40° C.
4. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the 1,4-polybutadiene has a peak molecular weight between about 250,000 g/mol to about 350,000 g/mol.
5. The polymer of claim 1 , wherein the enthalpy of melting ΔH m is about 10 to about 20 J/g° C. as measured via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
6. A rubber composition comprising:
the polymer of claim 1 ;
reinforcing filler; and
a curative.
7. The rubber composition of claim 6 wherein the rubber composition has a complex modulus G* at −30° C. of about 10,000,000 to about 20,000,000 Pa.
8. The rubber composition of claim 6 , wherein the reinforcing filler comprises sulfur and the curative comprises carbon black.
9. The rubber composition of claim 6 , further comprising natural rubber, additional synthetic rubber, or combinations thereof.
10. The rubber composition of claim 9 , wherein the additional synthetic rubber comprises polybutadiene, polyisoprene, polyisobutylene-co-isoprene, neoprene, poly(ethylene-co-propylene), poly(styrene-co-butadiene), poly(styrene-co-isoprene), and poly(styrene-co-isoprene-co-butadiene), poly(isoprene-co-butadiene), poly(ethylene-co-propylene-co-diene), polysulfide rubber, acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, or mixtures thereof.
11. A method comprising:
polymerizing a solution comprising 1,3-butadiene to yield 1,4-polybutadiene having a cis content of at least 85 to about 92%, a vinyl content of at about 1% to about 5%, and a trans content of about 3 to about 12%, wherein the polymerization is catalyzed with a catalyst comprising a lanthanide metal complex,
wherein the 1,4-polybutadiene has an enthalpy of melting ΔH m of about 5 to about 25 J/g° C. as measured via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the lanthanide metal complex comprises one or more of lanthanum, neodymium, cerium, praseodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, and didymium.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the lanthanide metal complex comprises gadolinium.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the catalyst further comprises a non-coordinating compound and an alkylating agent.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the cis content is about 85% to about 90%, the vinyl content is about 1 to about 3%, and the trans content is of about 5 to about 10%.