Apparatus, systems, and methods for epicardial imaging and injection
Systems and methods are provided for injecting one or more agents into tissue within a patient's body that includes a catheter. A needle guide extends from a distal end of the catheter and terminates at a distal tip, e.g., including a foot with an atraumatic contact surface, the needle guide having a cross-section smaller than the distal end and being biased to a curved shape. The needle guide includes a passage communicating from a lumen of the catheter to an outlet at the distal tip, and a needle device is disposed within the passage that may be deployed from the outlet to inject one or more agents into tissue. The catheter also includes an imaging assembly on the distal end configured to acquire images of tissue adjacent the needle guide distal tip.
1. An apparatus for imaging tissue during a medical procedure, comprising:
a tubular member comprising a tubular member proximal end, a tubular member distal end sized for introduction into a patient's body, a longitudinal axis extending between the tubular member proximal and distal ends, and one or more lumens extending between the proximal and distal ends;
a tubular extension comprising a tubular extension proximal end permanently attached to the tubular member distal end and a tubular extension distal end extending distally beyond the tubular member distal end to a distal tip, the tubular extension having a cross-section smaller than the tubular member distal end and being biased to a curved shape, the tubular extension including a passage communicating from a first lumen of the tubular member to an outlet at the distal tip;
a foot on the distal tip comprising a substantially atraumatic contact surface having an area larger than the cross-section of the tubular extension for contacting tissue; and
an imaging assembly on the tubular member distal end configured to acquire images of tissue adjacent the foot, a field of view of the imaging assembly is offset from the longitudinal axis such that the field of view is substantially centered on the foot when the tubular extension is in the curved shape.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tubular extension is biased to the curved shape wherein the foot is offset from the longitudinal axis and is flexibly movable to a substantially straightened shape to facilitate introduction into a patient's body.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a substantially transparent expandable member comprising an expandable member proximal end permanently attached to the tubular member distal end and an expandable member distal end permanently attached to one of the distal tip and the foot such the imaging assembly is disposed within an interior of the expandable member.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the expandable member is expandable from a contracted condition to an enlarged condition when fluid is introduced through an inflation lumen of the tubular member into the interior of the expandable member.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a needle device disposed within the passage of the tubular extension; and
an actuator on the proximal end of the tubular member for directing the needle device from a retracted position wherein a tip of the needle device is disposed within the passage and an advanced position wherein the tip is deployed from the outlet.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the needle device comprises a tubular body that extends through the first lumen in the tubular member from the tubular member proximal end into the tubular member distal end and a tip portion that extends from the tubular body into the passage and terminates in the tip.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the needle device is removable entirely from the tubular member from the tubular member proximal end.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein:
the first lumen has a first region defining a first inner diameter extending from the tubular member proximal end to a location within the tubular member distal end and a second region defining a second inner diameter smaller than the first inner diameter communicating with the passage in the tubular extension; and
the tubular body has a first portion extending from the tubular member proximal end into the tubular member distal end and sized to be slidably received in the first region of the first lumen, and a second portion sized to be slidably received in the second region of the first lumen and the passage,
wherein a transition from the first region to the second region provides a stop that engages a transition from the first portion to the second portion to limit advancement of the needle tip in the advanced position.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the tubular member is flexible adjacent the distal end to facilitate advancement through tortuous anatomy.