Method of monitoring of hydraulic fracture closure stress with tracers (variants)
The present disclosure relates to the hydrocarbon production, in particular to measuring the fracture closure pressure in a formation penetrated by a wellbore using marker agents. According to this disclosure, a wellbore is provided; a clean fracturing fluid is injected into the wellbore thus creating a fracture in the formation; the fracturing fluid is injected into the well, wherein the fracturing fluid comprises a mixture of a proppant and one or more groups of capsules with the predetermined range of breaking strength values and comprising a marker agent that corresponds to each predetermined range of breaking strength values, wherein capsules of different groups comprise different marker agents and are designed to precipitate in the fracture and release the marker agent in case the fracture closure pressure exceeds the predetermined range of breaking strength values due to fracture closure; the marker agent production to the surface is provided; the marker agent is detected at the surface; and the fracture closure pressure is measured based on the detected marker agent based on the breaking strength range of the capsule in the corresponding group of capsules.
1. A method of determining the fracture closure pressure in a formation penetrated by a wellbore, wherein:
the wellbore is provided;
the clean fracturing fluid is injected into the wellbore, thus creating at least one fracture in the formation;
the fracturing fluid is injected into at least one well, wherein the fracturing fluid comprises a mixture of a proppant and one or more groups of capsules, which comprises one or more capsules with a predetermined range of breaking strengths and that comprise a marker agent, which corresponds to each predetermined range of breaking strength values;
wherein the capsules from different groups comprise different marker agents;
wherein the capsules are designed to settle in the fracture and release the marker agent when the fracture closure pressure exceeds the predetermined range of breaking strength values caused by the fracture closure;
the marker agent production to the surface is provided;
the marker agent is detected at the surface; and
the fracture closure pressure is determined according to the detected marker agent based on the range of breaking strength values of a capsule in the corresponding group of capsules.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the capsule is spherical or cylindrical.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the capsule is coated with a hard shell that sets the predetermined range of breaking strength values.
4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein irregularities are provided in the external or internal surface of the hard shell that predetermine the range of breaking strength values.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the irregularities are furrows or grooves.
6. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the cylindrical capsule is further coated with an insulating shell that serves to protect the capsule from the impact of the downhole conditions on the marker agents.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the marker agent is a substance selected from the group comprising trifluorobenzene, rhodamine, flourobenzoic acids, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and halogenated hydrocarbons.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the marker agent is a radioactive sub stance.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the marker agent production to the surface is provided during the flowback of the fracturing and clean-up fluid, wherein the samples of the fracturing fluid or the clean-up fluid are taken and used for determining the concentration of the marker agent in the sample.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the time point when the concentration of the predetermined marker agent exceeds the predetermined threshold concentration range is determined.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the predetermined threshold range of breaking strength values is set to minimal concentration of the marker agent in the sample detectable with the equipment used for detecting and measuring the concentration of the marker agent in the sample taken.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a certain marker agent corresponds to the fracture closure pressure caused by the fracture closure at a given time point.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein a user is provided with the fracture closure pressure profile characterizing the relationship between the time points of determining the corresponding marker agents and the fracture closure pressure caused by the fracture closure.
14. A method of determining the fracture closure pressure in a reservoir penetrated by a wellbore, wherein:
the wellbore is provided in the reservoir with at least one fracture, which comprises one or more groups of capsules comprising one or more capsules with the predetermined range of breaking strength values and a marker agent that corresponds to the predetermined range of breaking strength values;
wherein the capsules from different groups comprise different marker agents;
wherein the capsules are designed to precipitate in the fracture and release the marker agent in case the fracture closure pressure exceeds the predetermined range of breaking strength values caused by the fracture closure;
the marker agent production to the surface is provided during the hydrocarbon production;
the marker agent is detected at the surface; and
the fracture closure pressure that corresponds to the detected marker agent is determined based on the breaking strength value of the capsule in the corresponding group of capsules.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the marker agent is a substance selected from the group comprising trifluorobenzene, rhodamine, flourobenzoic acids, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and halogenated hydrocarbons.